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Biology Vocabulary

This is an assignment that I have to do.

TermDefinition
Element A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom.
Molecule Multiple atoms bonded together.
Compound A substance consisting of at least 2 different types of atoms.
Atomic number The number of protons in an atom.
Mass number The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Atomic weight Another, more precise way of representing atomic mass.
valence electron The electrons in the outer shell of an atom.
Electron A negatively charged subatomic particle found orbiting the nucleus in the electron cloud that has little to no mass.
Proton A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has mass.
Neutron A subatomic particle that has no electric charge, is found in the nucleus of an atom, and has about the same mass as a proton.
Isotope An atom that is of the same element, but has slightly different properties.
Radioisotope A radioactive isotope.
Electron configuration How the electrons are arranged in different energy levels of an atom.
Bond How different atoms connect together primarily through shared electrons.
Polar bond A covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally, giving one side of the atom a slight negative charge, and the other side has a slight positive charge.
Nonpolar bond A covalent bond where electrons are shared equally.
Hydrogen bond A weak bond where a hydrogen atom is in between two atoms that want electrons.
Solvent A substance that dissolves to form a solution.
Solution A mixture of two substances where one has dissolved into another.
Solute A substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution.
Hydrophobic A characteristic of substances that don't dissolve in water, and/or repeal water.
Hydrophilic A characteristic of substances that dissolve in water, and/or are attracted to it.
Amino acid 20 organic molecules that form proteins.
Nucleotide The basic building block of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA
Peptide bond The bonds that hold amino acids together in protein chains.
Lipid Organic compounds that are hydrophobic and include fatty acids, waxes, oils, and steroids.
Saturated Fat An unhealthy fat that is solid at room temperature.
Saccharide A word for sugar.
Atom The basic building block of all matter made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Specific heat (water) The specific heat of water is 1 calorie/gram °C = 4.186 joule/gram °C.
Created by: scoleman0320
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