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Bio-Chapter1-Gullett
Biology-Chapter 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| biosphere | all living things and the places they are found on Earth |
| population | the total number of organisms of the same species in a given area |
| community | all the living things in a given area |
| species | a group of organisms that are closely related and can produce fertile offspring |
| ecosystem | all the living things in an area and their nonliving environment |
| biology | the study of living things and their interactions with each other and the environment |
| science | the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested |
| organism | an individual living thing |
| cell | the basic unit of life |
| metabolism | the total of all the chemical processes that occur within an individual organism |
| DNA | genetic material found in living things |
| system | an organised group of related parts that interact to form a whole |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism |
| evolution | the change over time, specifically in living things |
| observation | using tools and senses to document facts, used to make hypothesis and predictions |
| data | recorded observations / facts |
| hypothesis | a written answer for a scientific question that includes a prediction that is testable |
| experiment | a controlled study used to test a hypothesis |
| independent variable | the condition or factor that is changed by the scientists, goes on the x-axis of a graph |
| dependent variable | data being measured and collected, goes on the y-axis of a graph |
| constant | the conditions of an experiment that do not change |
| theory | a proposed explanation for a phenomena that is supported by vast amounts of observations and data. |
| law | statements, based on repeated experiments or observations, that describe or predict a range of natural phenomena. |
| accuracy | description of how close a measurement is to the true value |
| precision | description of how close multiple measurements of the same thing are to each other |
| quantitative data | data for which measurements or counts can be made such as height, weight, numbers of items |
| qualitative data | non-numerical and/or descriptive data such as color (red, blue), texture, or smell |
| ranked data | data that can be ranked on a scale that represents order such as abundance (abundant, common, rare) or color intensity (pale, medium, dark) |
| assumptions | features of an experiment or system that you assume are true but do not or cannot test. |
| pie graph | graph used to compare proportions (percentages) in different categories such as water use by consumers |
| bar graph | graph used to compare different categories for a continuous variable such as average household water use by county |
| histogram | graph used to show how often a set of continuous data occurs such as weight of adults in Ohio |
| line graph | graph used to illustrate the data of an independent variable that is collected continuously such as heart rate over time or rate of ice melting |
| percentages | calculation often used for comparison of qualitative data |
| rates | calculation used to compare a variable over time |
| frequencies | calculation used to compare how often something occurs |
Created by:
lpgullett
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