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Bio-Chapter1-Gullett

Biology-Chapter 1 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
biosphere all living things and the places they are found on Earth
population the total number of organisms of the same species in a given area
community all the living things in a given area
species a group of organisms that are closely related and can produce fertile offspring
ecosystem all the living things in an area and their nonliving environment
biology the study of living things and their interactions with each other and the environment
science the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested
organism an individual living thing
cell the basic unit of life
metabolism the total of all the chemical processes that occur within an individual organism
DNA genetic material found in living things
system an organised group of related parts that interact to form a whole
homeostasis the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism
evolution the change over time, specifically in living things
observation using tools and senses to document facts, used to make hypothesis and predictions
data recorded observations / facts
hypothesis a written answer for a scientific question that includes a prediction that is testable
experiment a controlled study used to test a hypothesis
independent variable the condition or factor that is changed by the scientists, goes on the x-axis of a graph
dependent variable data being measured and collected, goes on the y-axis of a graph
constant the conditions of an experiment that do not change
theory a proposed explanation for a phenomena that is supported by vast amounts of observations and data.
law statements, based on repeated experiments or observations, that describe or predict a range of natural phenomena.
accuracy description of how close a measurement is to the true value
precision description of how close multiple measurements of the same thing are to each other
quantitative data data for which measurements or counts can be made such as height, weight, numbers of items
qualitative data non-numerical and/or descriptive data such as color (red, blue), texture, or smell
ranked data data that can be ranked on a scale that represents order such as abundance (abundant, common, rare) or color intensity (pale, medium, dark)
assumptions features of an experiment or system that you assume are true but do not or cannot test.
pie graph graph used to compare proportions (percentages) in different categories such as water use by consumers
bar graph graph used to compare different categories for a continuous variable such as average household water use by county
histogram graph used to show how often a set of continuous data occurs such as weight of adults in Ohio
line graph graph used to illustrate the data of an independent variable that is collected continuously such as heart rate over time or rate of ice melting
percentages calculation often used for comparison of qualitative data
rates calculation used to compare a variable over time
frequencies calculation used to compare how often something occurs
Created by: lpgullett
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