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Biology Terms
Knowledge Bowl Biology Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The region of the body of a vertebrate that contains the digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs. | Abdomen |
| The location on an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs. | Active Site |
| Requiring the presence of oxygen | Aerobic |
| The tube that runs from mouth to anus, concerned with the passage and digestion of food. | Alimentary Canal |
| The terminal air sacs of lungs where gas exchange occurs | Alveoli |
| Does not require the presence of oxygen | Anaerobic |
| A flowering plant | Angiosperm |
| A plant that grows from seed, flowers, produces seeds, and dies in within a year | Annual Plant |
| Sensory appendage on the head of an arthropod | Antenna |
| Any substance that can trigger an immune response | Antigen |
| Opening of the alimentary canal to the outside | Anus |
| A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart | Artery |
| The part of neuron that carries messages away from the cell body | Axon |
| A rod-shaped bacteria | Bacilli |
| The rate at which a resting organism expends energy | BMR (Basal Metabolism Rate) |
| Plant whose life completely cycle in two years | Biennial Plant |
| The liquid secreted by the liver that emulsifies fats | Bile |
| Bile pigment; responsible for Jaundice when in excess | Bilirubin |
| Major community of plants and animals characterized by a particular type of vegetation and climate | Biome |
| The place on earth where all living systems are found | Biosphere |
| A mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed | Bolus |
| Of the mouth | Buccal |
| A fluid filled sac that cushions joints | Bursa |
| Layer of dividing cells found mainly in the phloem and xylem in the stem of a plant. | Cambium |
| A cancer-causing agent | Carcinogen |
| Female reproductive part of a flower consisting of an ovary and a stigma | Carpel |
| The number of living things that can exist in an environment | Carrying Capacity |
| The basic unit of all living things | Cell |
| The material that forms cell walls in plants (animals don't have cell walls) | Cellulose |
| The net movement toward chemical stimulus | Chemotaxis |
| Long-chain carbohydrate that forms the exoskeleton of arthropods | Chitin |
| The green pigment in plants that converts sunlight to energy | Chlorophyll |
| Minute thread-like structure consisting of DNA and protein | Chromosomes |
| Fluid-filled cavity formed by a middle layer of embryonic cells in animals whose bodies consist of three layers of cells. This forms the main body cavity in which the organs are suspended. | Coelom |
| Trees that lose their leaves and become dormant in the winter | Deciduous |
| The part of a neuron that carries messages to the cell body | Dendrite |
| Flowering plant that has two cotyledons (seed leaves) in its seeds | Dicotyledon |
| Process of breaking down food molecules into chemicals that can be absorbed and used by the body | Digestion |
| Resting condition in which an organism is alive although metabolism is relatively slow | Dormancy |
| The shape of a DNA molecule | Double Helix |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid. The chemical compound that contains the genetic code of the organism | DNA |
| Animal in the process of developing from an ovum, but not yet recognizably similar to the adult form | Embryo |
| Glands that produce hormones | Endocrine Glands |
| Protein that acts as a catalyst | Enzyme |
| The outer layer of cells of a plant or animal | Epidermis |
| Plant that grows on another plant without taking any nourishment from it. Examples include mosses and lichens | Epiphyte |
| Layer of thin-walled cells that lines a tube or cavity | Epithelium |
| Part of the alimentary canal that links the mouth to the stomach | Esophagus |
| Selective breeding of humans | Eugenics |
| Process by which higher forms of life are believed to be developed from more primitive forms by gradual change | Evolution |
| Skeleton that covers the outside of the body | Exoskeleton |
| Fine thread projecting from the surface of a cell used in whip-like fashion to facilitate movement | Flagellum |
| Unborn mammal that has completed the embryo stage and is recognizably similar to adults of the species | Fetus |
| Remains or evidence of the former existence of an animal or plant | Fossil |
| The upper part of the stomach | Fundus |
| Sex cell that contains half the number of chromosomes | Gamete |
| The basic unit of heredity | Gene |
| The total number of genes available in a species | Gene Pool |
| The thin-walled organ of an aquatic mammal through which it takes oxygen from the water | Gill |
| The filtering element in a nephron | Glomerulus |
| Organelle in the cytoplasm of a cell whose function is to package and export substances from the cell | Golgi Apparatus |
| Organ that produces gametes | Gonad |
| Iron containing compound responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood | Hemoglobin |
| A plant-eating animal | Herbivore |
| Having both male and female organs | Hermaphrodite |
| Plant or animal produced by the mating of genetically unalike parents. These are usually sterile (e.g. Mule) | Hybrid |
| In a test tube | In Vitro |
| In a living animal | In Vivo |
| Form completely different from the adult that becomes an adult through the process of metamorphosis | Larva |
| A fatty substance | Lipid |
| Reduction division of a cell to produce gametes | Meiosis |
| Cellular organelle in which respiration occurs. "The powerhouse of the cell" | Mitochondria |
| Simple cell division | Mitosis |
| Flowering plant that has only one see leaf in each seed | Monocotyledon |
| An egg-laying mammal with other reptilian features (e.g. Platypus) | Monotreme |
| Sudden change in the DNA of a gene | Mutation |
| The survival and reproduction of the fittest organisms | Natural Selection |
| The functional unit of the kidney | Nephron |
| The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms | Nitrogen Fixing |
| Solid rod that lies between the central nervous system and the alimentary canal. It forms the early skeleton of vertebrates but is eventually replaced by the vertebral column | Notochord |
| Young insect that resembles the adult but is sexually immature and has undeveloped wings | Nymph |
| Many-celled part of an animal or plant that forms a structural unit and has a particular function | Organ |
| Egg laying | Oviparous |
| Large salivary glands located above the jaw and in front of the ear | Parotid Glands |
| Production of young from an egg cell without involving a male sex cell or meiosis | Parthenogenesis |
| A wave of contraction in a tubular organ (swallowing in esophagus) | Peristalsis |
| Part of the alimentary canal that links the mouth with the esophagus | Pharynx |
| Living conducting tissue of a plant that transports nutrients and gasses to parts of the plant | Phloem |
| Organ through which nourishment is provided for an unborn placental mammal consisting of a union between a modified part of the uterus and the embryonic membranes | Placenta |
| "Cold blooded"; having a body temperature that varies with the temperature of the surroundings | Poikilothermic |
| Spores of a seed plant that contain the male reproductive cells. It is produced in the anthers | Pollen |
| All the contents of a cell | Protoplasm |
| Stage between the larva and adult in some insects | Pupa |
| Process by which aerobic organisms obtain energy from their food using oxygen. | Respiration |
| Ribonucleic Acid | RNA |
| Organism that feeds on organic matter released by the tissues of dead and decaying organisms | Saprophyte |
| Parts of a dicotyledon flower that form the outer ring. Usually green, they are collectively known as the calyx | Sepals |
| A spiral shaped bacteria | Spirilla |
| Single-celled reproductive organ of a flowering plant which consists of an anther on the end of a long stalk or filament | Stamen |
| Pollen-receiving surface of a carpel usually located on the end of the style | Stigma |
| A mouth-like opening | Stoma |
| Association between two dissimilar living organisms from which both partners benefit | Sybiosis |
| The gap between adjacent neurons through which neurons communicate with other neurons | Synapse |
| Chest regions of a vertebrate. In mammals this is separated from the abdomen by the diaphragm | Thorax |
| Collection of cells, mostly of the same or similar type | Tissue |
| Loss of water by evaporation from the pores (stomata) on the undersides of a leaf | Transpiration |
| Plant movement made in response to a stimulus | Tropism |
| Transports a pathogenic organism to a host | Vector |
| Blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart | Vein |
| Woody tissue that provides support and transport of water | Xylem |
| Cell that results from the fusion of two gametes | Zygote |
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PRETZEL2
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