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Erythropoiesis

QuestionAnswer
Erythropiesis
The pigment portion of hemoglobin ●Synthesized as the erythrocyte matures ●Responsible of oxygen transport to the tissues and CO2 from the tissues
Amino acids Iron Vitamin B 12, B6 Folic Acid (member of B2 complex) Erythropoietin
The kidneys
Cross the placenta Stimulates erythropoiesis in a fetus
Stimulated by low tissue oxygen levels Results in the production of hemoglobin containing erythrocytes Forms a feedback loop
Causes committed erythoid cell to diff into proerythroblasts- Major function Shorten the time for each maturation step Promotes early release of reticulocytes into the blood interacts w/ stimulating factors-Interleukin 3 etc. to promote megakaryocyte
Polycythemia:Increased erythrocyte concentration Primary polycythemia: Excessive erythropoeitin production, Common cause – neoplasm Secondary polycythemia, Caused by tissue hypoxia Relative polycythemia >RBCs (Not a result of increase erythropoeitin
Matures from stem cell through to nucleated cell stage in 4-5 days
All immature cells become progressively smaller as they mature Nucleus gets less red (RNA) and becomes more blue (basophilia)
mass decrease and becomes smaller Condenses and progresses from staining red to staining predominately dark blue Move from loose, delicate strands to become more coarse and clumped Is finally ejected leaving the erythocyte as an anucleated cell
Colony-forming unit granulocyte-erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte
Burst-forming unit-erythrocyte Not actively proliferative Stored in BFU-E cell pool Influence by erythropoietin to form
Colony-forming unit- erythrocytes Uni-potiential
erythropoeitin receptors in the cell membrane
CFU-E forms into a pronormoblast which progress onto through stages to a mature erythrocyte
12-19 micrometers. N:C ratio- 10:1 Large round nucleus 0-2 nucleoli Fine chromatin pattern Cytoplasm- basophilic- distinctive blue No granules present Normally only located in the bone marrow Stage lasts slightly longer than 24 hours
12-17 um Slightly smaller rubi N:C ratio- 6:1 Clumped nuclear chromatin-coarse chromatin. Nucleoli may be present then disappears Cytoplasm basophilic-deeper, richer blue Normally only in the bone marrow Stage lasts slightly longer than 24 hours
11-15 um N:C ratio- 4:1 Nucleus stains deep red-purple No nucleoli present Hemoglobin first appears Chromatin clumpy- condensed Cytoplasm- pink with blue shading giving a murky gray appearance located in the bone marrow longer than 24 hours
8-12 micrometers N:C ratio 2:1 Chromatin is completely dense (pyknotic) Cytoplasm-reddish pink, high hemoglobin Last stage to have a nucleus Normally only located in the bone marrow Stage lasts slightly longer than 48 hours
7-10um Immature erythrocyte which has just lost its nucleus- extruded CytoplasmPolychromatic because of the remaining RNA Stage occurs partly on bone marrow and partly in blood
Stay in marrow for 2 d after loss of nucleus then placed in circulation Form into erythrocytes when: Cytoplasmic RNA is catabolized, ribosomes dissolve Hbg full occupies the cell amount of reticulocytes in circulation is equal to the # in marrow
If erythropoietin is released: Increased number of young reticulocytes are released into circulation Occurs in bleeding or infection
Use a supravital stain- new methylene blue Precipitates the RNA into a mesh on the cell
0.5-1.5% in adults 2.5-6.5% in children
6-8um Biconcave disc Central pallor (1/3 of the cell) No nucleus Membrane is a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids Cytoplasm stains salmon pink or red
Defective nuclear maturation Nuclear maturation lags behind cytoplasmic maturation Characterized by erythrocytes with increased cellular cytoplasm and overall size Seen in anemia with deficiencies in Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid
Created by: Kaylabres13
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