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Genetics & Heredity
Genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Phenotype | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
Genotype | the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
Mitosis | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
Sexual Reproduction | the production of living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different sexes.most higher organisms, the male produces a small motile gamete which travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other. |
Meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. |
Regeneration | the action or process of regenerating or being regenerated, in particular the formation of new animal or plant tissue. |
Binary Fission | a kind of asexual reproduction. It is the most common form of reproduction in prokaryotes such as bacteria. in binary fission, the fully grown parent cell splits into two halves, producing two new cells. |
Budding | offspring identical to the parent |
Genetic Material | the material used to store genetic information in the nuclei or mitochondria of an organism's cells; either DNA or RNA. |
Homozygous Dominant | an organism can be homozygous ________, if it carries two copies of the same dominant allele |
Heterozygous | means that an organism has two different alleles of a gene |
Homozygous Recessive | an organism can be homozygous _______, if it carries two copies of the same recessive allele. |
Asexual Reproduction | only one parent, the DNA is identical with no variation and is fast because there is only one parent. |
Inbreeding | breed from closely related people or animals, especially over many generations. |
Hybridization | the process of an animal or plant breeding with an individual of another species or variety. |