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vital signs
medical assistant
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| apnea | absence or cessation of breating |
| Arrhythmia | an abnormal or irregularity in the heart rhythm |
| Arteriosclerosis | Thickening, decreased elasticity and calcification of arterial walls |
| Bradycardia | Slow heart beat, a pulse below 60 beats per minute |
| Bradypnea | Respirations that are regular in rhytm but slower than in normal rate |
| Dyspnea | Difficult or painful breathing |
| Febrile | Pertaining to elevated body temperature |
| Hypertension | High blood pressure |
| Hyperventilation | Abnormally prolonged and deep breathing usually associated with acute anxiety or emotional |
| Essential hypertension | Elevated blood pressure of unknown cause that develops for no apparent reason, sometimes called primary hypertension |
| Hypotension | Blood pressure that is below normal(systolic pressure 90 mm Hg and diastolic pressure below 50 mm Hg) |
| orthopnea | A condition in which an individual must sit or stand to breathe confortably |
| Rales | Abnormal or crackling breath sounds during inspiration |
| ronchi | Abnormal rumbling sounds on expirationthat indicate airway obstruction by thick secretations or spasms |
| Secondary hypertension | Elevated blood pressure resulting from another condition typically kidney disease |
| Sinus arrhythmia | An irregular heart beat that originates in the sinotriall note( peacemaker) |
| Spirometer | An instrument that measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled |
| stertorous | A term that describes a strenous respiratory effort marked by snoring sound |
| syncope | fainting: a brief lapse in consciousness |
| tachycardia | A rapid but regular heart beat rate: one that exceeds 100 beats per minute |
| Tachypnea | A condition marked by rapid, swallow respirations |
| Thready | A term describing a pulse that is scarly perceptible |
| Orthostatic (postural) Hypotension | A temporary fall in blood pressure when a person rapidly changes from a recumbent position to a standing position |
| Factors that may affect body temperature | age, stress, physical activity, gender, external factors( smoking,drinking hot or cold fluids, chewing gum) |
| Body temperature | balance between heat lost and heat produce by the body |
| fever | infection , either bacterial or viral |
| pyrexia | A febrile condition or fever |
| febrile | pertaining to an elevated body temperature |
| vital signs | blood pressure, pulse, respiration, temperature |
| acronomic measurements | weight , height, BMI |
| Continous fever | which rises and falls only slightly during 24- hour period |
| intermitten fever | which comes and goes, alternating between elevated and normal levels |
| Remmiten fever | which fluctuates considerably (i.e; by more than 3 degrees) and never returns to normal |
| FUO | fever . of unknown origin over 100.9 F (33.3 C) |
| temporal pulse | located in the temple of skull |
| carotid artery | located between the larynx and the sternocleidomastoid muscle in front of the side of the neck |
| Apical Heart Rate | the heart beat of Apex of the heart, is heard with a Stethoscope ( bradycardia, tachycardia, conditions) |
| The brachial pulse | is felt in the inner (antecubital)aspect of elbow |
| RADIAL Artery | most frequently used site for counting pulse rate. is found on the thumb side of the wrist, 1 inch below base of thumb |
| Femoral pulse | located at the site were the femoral artery passes through the goin |
| Popliteal pulse | found at the back of the leg behind knee |
| Dorsalis pedis( pedal) artery | felt across the arch of the foot |
| axillary temperature | 98.6 F (37 C) |
| ORAL | 98.6F 37C |
| AXILLARY | 97.6F 36.4 |
| TYMPANIC | 98.6F 37C |
| TEMPORAL ARTERY | 98.6F 37C |
| PULSE RANGES | 60-100 |
| RESPIRATIONS | 14-20 |
| POUNDS TO KG | 2.2 |
| KG TO POUNDS | 0.45 |
| RATE | the pulse rate is measure of the numbers felt from the movement of blood through an artery |
| RHYTM | PULSE RYTHM is the time between pulse beats |
| Volume | (pulse amplitude) reflects the strenght of the heart when contracts |
| scale for measuring pulse volume | 3+ full, bounding pulse pulsation is very string and does not disappear with moderate pressure 2+ Normal pulse Pulsation is easily felt but disappears with moderate pressure 1+ weak, thready pulse is not esaily felt and disappears with slight pressure |
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