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Intro To Computers
Vocab for test
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Random Access Memory (RAM) | type of computer memory, which temporarily stores computer information such as the operating system, application programs and data so they can be immediately accessed by the CPU. |
Binary Digit(Bit) | smallest unit of computer storage capacity |
Read-Only Memory(ROM) | type of computer memory which stores the Basic Input/output System(BIOS); data stored in ROM cannot be changed |
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) | built-in program which initializes computer hardware and launches the operating system when the computer starts |
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment(SATA) | type of cable inside the computer connecting the mother board and internal storage devices, such as the hard drive, CD- or DVD-ROM |
Compact Disc Read-only Memory(CD-ROM) | pre-pressed compact disc storage in which data can only be accessed, not motified. |
Digital Video Disc Read-Only Memory(DVD-ROM) | high capacity optical disc storage, in which data can only be read, not written |
Driver | computer program allowing the computer to communicate with a hardware device |
Power Supply | computer hardware converting alternating current or AC electric power to a low -voltage power for the internal components of the computer |
Hard Drive | main storage device of a computer; commonly referred as an internal device and used to permanently store data |
Personal Computer(PC) | computer designed for general use by a single person |
Light-Emitting Diode(LED) | semiconductor light source used in various applications; in the world of computers, LED technology is used to make optical mouses and LED displays |
Touchpad | computer pointing device which takes advantage of a tactile sensor to detect a user’s finger movement |
Liquid Crystal Display(LCD) | thin, light electronic display which employs the light modulating properties of liquid crystals |
Universal Serial Bus(USB) connector | interface designed to connect computer and peripheral devices, such as printers, mouses, keyboards, USB flash drives and external hard drives |
Motherboard | main circuit board inside personal computers which holds the majority of computer components and provides connectors for peripherals |
Central Processing Unit(CPU) | microprocessor which calculates all the data going through a personal computer |
Clock Rate | common measurement of CPU speed; tells how fast the CPU can process data; the higher the clock rate, the faster the CPU |
Megahertz(MHz) | unit of measurement of CPU clock rate; one megahertz refers to a clock rate of one million cycles per second |
Gigahertz(GHz) | unit of measurement of CPU clock rate; one gigahertz refers to a clock rate of one billion cycles per second |
External Hard Drive | removable hard drive located outside of the main computer tower. |
Input Device | any piece of computer hardware used to provide data to the computer |
Output Device | any piece of computer hardware used to communicate the data processed by the computer. |
Monitor | output device which displays graphics and images from the computer |
Digital Visual Interface(DVI) | digital interface used to connect a video source to a display device |
High-Definition Multimedia Interface(HDMI) | video and audio interface transmitting digital data between the high-definition monitors and the computer |
Ethernet Cable | cord connecting the computer to the Internet |
Power Cord | |
Power Connector | |
Storage Device Cable | |
Surge Protector | |
Hardware | |
Software | |
Defragmentation |