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Građa računala

U/I jedinice, središnja jedinica

TermDefinition
Ulazni uređaji Uređaji koji omogućavaju unos podataka u računalo. Podatke pretvaraju u oblik razumljiv računalu (0 i 1)
Izlazni uređaji Uređaji koji omogućavaju prikaz podataka koji se nalaze u računalu. Podatke pretvaraju u oblik razumljiv ljudima (tekst, slika, zvuk)
Piksel Najmanji dio slike.
Rezolucija Ukupan broj piksela koji čine sliku
RGB spektar Spektar boja koji sadrži crvenu, zelenu i plavu boju. Svaki piksel se sastoji od 3 RGB točke
OCR Optical character recognition - program koji omogućava prepoznavanje znakova na papiru i pretvara ih u digitalni oblik koji je moguće uređivati
Hardware Svi fizički dijelovi računala
Software Svi programi na računalu
RAM Privremena memorija. U njoj se nalaze podaci koji se trenutno koriste, nakon gašenja računala, podaci se brišu
ROM Stalna memorija. Na njoj su tvornički zapisani podaci, i mali dio operacijskog sustava (BIOS)
Procesor Sklop računala koji obrađuje podatke i upravlja računalom
Jedinice procesora Aritmetičko - logička jedinica i upravljačka jedinica
Karakteristike procesora Brzina rada (takt procesora), veličina registra, broj jezgri, priručna memorija
Matična ploča Povezuje sve ulazne jedinice, izlazne jedinice i dijelove središnje jedinice
Unutrašnja memorija RAM i ROM memorija
Vanjska memorija magnetski mediji, optički mediji i poluvodički mediji
Tvrdi disk magnetski medij koji služi za pohranu podataka. Radi uz pomoć svojstva feromagneta. Podaci se zapisuju u obliku pozitivnog i negativnog naboja magneta što predstavlja binarne 1 i 0
Optički mediji CD, DVD, Blue-ray
Poluvodički mediji USB stick, SSD disk, memorijske kartice
SSD disk Poluvodički medij. Radi uz pomoć poluvodiča, zamjenjuje tvrdi disk jer je brži i pouzdaniji
Bit Najmanja jedinica podatka koje prepoznaje računalo
Bajt Niz od 8 bitova
Created by: mendler
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