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MLT-Lab test AntiBio
Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The results of Antimicrobial susceptibility testing could be A or B? | 1. Qualitative 2. Quantitative |
| What are the example of Qualitative Antimicrobial susceptibility test? | 1. Disk Diffusion Test |
| Disk Diffusion Test is also known as ? | Kirby Bauer Antibiotic Test |
| What are the 3 categories describing the Disk Diffusion test? | 1.Susceptible 2.Intermediate 3.Resistant |
| What is Müller-Hinton agar ? | Müller-Hinton agar is a microbiological growth medium that is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. |
| Why Müller-Hinton agar is used in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing? | 1. non-selective, non-differential medium 2. it contains starch. known to absorb toxins released from bacteria 3. a loose agar, allows for better diffusion of the antibiotics |
| What is the culture medium for Non-enterococcus Streptococcus spp. & Strep. Pneumoniae to do Disk Diffusion test? | Muller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% horse blood |
| What is the culture medium for Haemophilus spp to do Disk Diffusion test? | Mueller-Hinton Chocolate agar / Haemophilus Test Medium (HTM) |
| What is the culture medium for Neisseria gonorrhoeae to do Disk Diffusion test? | GC agar base with 1 % growth supplement |
| What is the recommended culture medium depth for Disk Diffusion test? | 4mm |
| What is the recommended innoculum density for Disk Diffusion test? | 1. fresh culture 2. >= 4 colonies 3. 0.5 McFarland standard (~ 1.5 x 108CFU/mL) |
| What is the Incubation temperature, pH atmosphere & time for Disk Diffusion test? | For most organism : Incubate at 35℃; ambient air ; 16 -18 hours |
| What is the storage condition of the antibiotic disk? | 1.Store at 4℃ in a dry box with dessicator 2.β-lactamase inhibitors have to store in -20℃in a dry box with dessicator 3.Bring to room temp before opening the box |
| What is Minimum Inhibition Concentration? | The lowest concentration of antimicrobial that can inhibit 99% growth of an organism under standard laboratory conditions |
| What is Minimum Bactericidal Concentration? | The lowest concentration of antimicrobial that can achieve 99% killing of the original inoculum under in vitro standard condition |
| What are the examples of Quantitative Antimicrobial Susceptibility test? | 1.Agar dilution Methods 2.Broth dilution Methods 3.Epsilonmeter test |
| Agar dilution methods can only determine ? | MIC but NOT MBC |
| Broth dilution can determine both ? | MIC and MBC |
| Which broth will be used for broth dilution method? | MH broth supplemented with horse serum for Streptococcus spp. |
| What is Epsilonmeter test? | A commercially available test using an impregnated plastic strip which has a concentration gradient along its length |
| How to interpret the Epsilonmeter result? | The point at which the zone ‘cuts’ the strip is the MIC and can be read directly from the strip |
| Chromogenic Agar is presumptive test for ? | MRSA |
| What is the positive result of Chromogenic Agar? | MRSAstrains :Blue or green colonies–resulting from alpha-glucuronidaseproducing colonies in the presence of cefoxitin |
| What is the Gold standard (Confirmatory test) for MRSA? | PCR-based method for detection of mecA gene |
| What is a presumptive testfor penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae? | 1ug oxacillin disk |
| What is the confirmatory test for penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae? | Penicillin MIC using Eteston MH agar with 5% horse blood |
| What are the presumptive tests for Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci? | 1.High Vancomycin Brain Heart Infusion Agar (BHIA) 2.VRE Chromogenic Agar |
| What is High Vancomycin Brain heart Infusion Agar? | 1.subcultured onto a BHIA plate containing 6 μg/ml vancomycin and a drug-free BHIA plate (Control) 2.35℃for 24 hrs |
| If positive growth on BHIA , what to do to differentiate the gut flora? | 1.motility and pigment test 2.E.gallinarum: Motile 3.E. faeciumand E. faecalis: non-motile |
| If E. faecium and E. faecalis are confirmed, what to do to confirm? | Vancomycin Etest and send the isolate to PHLC for detection of vanA and vanB genes |
| Whats the result on VRE Chromogenic agar? | 1.Violet colonies for E. faecalis 2.Greenish blue colonies for E. faecium |
| Whats the confirmatory test for VRE Chromogenic agar? | Vancomycin Etest and send the isolate to PHLC for detection of vanA and vanB genes |
| Vancomycin gene patterns are highly correlates with the MIC level in VRE, if van__ detected, the MIC will be ___? | vanA: >=128ug/ml vanB: 16-64ug/ml vanC:2-16ug/ml |
| What is ESBL? | Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase |
| What are the examples of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae? | 1.E. coli 2.Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.Klebsiella oxytoca 4.Proteus mirabilis |
| What is the standard ESBL presumptive test? | 1.Place amoxicillin-clavulanate(AMC) disk between Ceftazidime(CAZ) and Ceftriaxone (ROC) 2. 25mm separation 3. Key hole like clear zone |
| What is the Confirmatory test for ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae? | 1.Combined disk method 2.the inhibition zone diameter is ≥ 5 mm larger with clavulanic acid than without |
| What is the presumptive test for Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae? | 10ug disk of Meropenem (MEM) with clear zone <25mm |
| What is the confirmatory test for Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae? | 1.Combined disk method 2.the inhibition zone diameter is ≥ 5 mm larger with inhibitors than without |
Created by:
kencho
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