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MLT-Blood Culture
Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the bacteraemia? | the presence of bacteria in the blood |
| What is Septicaemia(Sepsis)? | Uncontrolled and continuous bacteraemia |
| Whats the effect of Septicaemia? | 1.Induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome -> Organ failure 2. Vasodilation of major vessel -> Hypotension(Septic Shock) 3.Death |
| Why 1:10 dilution of patient’s blood in cultured medium is recommended? | To minimize the inhibitory effect of normal serum or antibiotics on bacteria growth. |
| What are the two blood culture bottles? | 1.BACTEC (BD Diagnostics) 2.BacT/Alert (bioMerieux) |
| Whats the content inside blood culture bottle? | Soybean-casein digest broth supplemented with SPS and Resin |
| Whats the function of SPS in blood culture bottle? | Sodium PolyanetholSulphonate 1. As anticoagulant 2. Inhibit complement and lysozyme activity 3. Interferes with phagocytosis 4. Inhibitory to Neisseria species |
| Whats the function of Resin in blood culture bottle? | Adsorb antimicrobials, for patient who has started therapy |
| What are the type of blood culture bottle? | 1. Aerobic bottle 2. Anaerobic bottle, with CO2, N2 and thiols 3. Pediatric bottle, with sodium pyruvate for fastidious organisms 4. Mycobacteria bottle, with agent to lyse RBC and WBC |
| How BACTEC and BacT/Alert systems to determine the bacterial growth? | By monitoring the increase in CO2 content |
| Can the inoculated bottles be store in refrigeration? | No |
| Whats the ways of BACTEC system to detect bacterial growth? | 1. Radiometric method 2.Fluorescent method |
| How does BACTEC system Radiometric method work? | detects bacterial growth by by measuring radiolabeled 14CO2 which is released from a 14Carbon radiolabeled substrate (e.g. glucose) |
| How does BACTEC system Fluorescent method work | Sensors at bottom of bottle reacts with CO2, LED then activated, Photo-detector measures the level of fluorescence |
| Whats the mechanism of Bact/Alert to detect bacterial growth? | Colorimetric method |
| How does the Bact/Alert colorimetric method work? | Microorganisms multiply in the media, generating CO2. As CO2increases, the sensor in the bottle turns a lighter color |
| Whats the advantage of Bact/Alert colorimetric method? | 1.Changes in the sensor are permanent 2.Visible to the unaided eye, unlike any other method |
| What are the incubation time (day) for the blood bottle culture system? | 1. General patient: 5 2. Bacterial endocarditis patient: 14 3.Mycobacteriumculture in MycoLytic broth: 42 |
| If there is alarm from the automatic blood culture system, what to do next? | 1. Prepare direct blood smear in BSC 2. Gram staining and check the morphology |
| The Gram result can indicate for ? | 1.Choice of antimicrobial agent for treatment 2.Selection of biochemical test for Bacterial ID |
| If aerobic blood bottle is positive, how to do subculture? | 1.Blood agar: growth and check for hemolysis 2.Chocolate agar: with lysed RBC, for fastidious species, eg, Haemophilius, Neisseria 3.MacConkey agar: differentiate lactose and non lactose fermenter |
| If anaerobic blood bottle is positive, how to do subculture? | 1.Blood agar 2.Chocolate agar 3.MacConkey agar 4.Anaerobic blood ager 5.Neomycin Blood agar |
| What is MH agar used in subculture? | 1.Mueller-Hinton agar 2.commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing |
| Common organisms found in positive blood culture when the patients are not catheterized nor immunocompromised ? | 1.Stap. epidermidis 2.Propionebacterium acnes 3.Bacillus spp 4.Corynebacteriumspp 5.Nonhaemolytic strept 6.Non-aeruginosalpseudomonas |
| What are the Significant Pathogens In General found in positive blood culture? | 1.all Gram-negative:H. influenzae, N. gonorrheae. and E.coli 2.Stap. aureus 3.Strept. pneumoniae 4.GBS 5.Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6.Acinetobacterspp 7.Enterococcus spp 8.Listeria monocytogenes 9.Bacteriodes 10.Yeasts and fungi |
| Entire workflow of automative blood culture system to subculture need _____ hours to finish? | 24-72 |
| What are the example of Semi-automated biochemical bacterial ID system? | 1.Vitek 2 2.Phoenix 100 |
| How does Semi-automated biochemical bacterial ID system work? | 1.prepare bacterial suspension with required turbidity 2.load the suspension to the plastic card that contains all biochem reactions to differentiate GP or GN 3.load the plastic card into the machine |
| What is the TAT of the Semi-automated biochemical bacterial ID system? | 5-7 hours |
| Whats next after positive blood culture? | 1. Do direct bacteria Identification using MALDI-TOF |
| Whats the total hands on time of MALDI-TOP per sample? | 5 minutes |
Created by:
kencho
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