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MAWD Lesson 1.01
Understand Typography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Typography | The art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, ad appealing when displayed. |
| Typeface | The basic design of a character. |
| Serif | Serif is the small extra stroke at the end of the main vertical and horizontal strokes of some letters, can be subtle or pronounced. |
| Sans Serif | A typeface that does not have the small extra stroke at the end of some letters, hence it is "Sans Serif". |
| Ornamental | Typeface used exclusively for decorative purposes, not used for body text. |
| Script | Typeface based on the varied and fluid style of handwriting, used for things other than extended body text. |
| Symbol | Typeface that contains a complete unaccented Greek alphabet and a selection of commonly used mathematical symbols. |
| Font | The style, weight, and specific size applied to a typeface. |
| Monospaced | A font which has the same amount of horizontal spacing between all letters. |
| Proportional | A font in which different letters have different spacing. |
| Visual Hierarchy | Arrangement of elements in a way that implies importance. |
| Text Size | The vertical height of a character. |
| Text Style | How the characters are presented: bold, italic, small caps, shadow. |
| Leading | Vertical spacing between lines of text. |
| Kerning | Horizontal spacing between pairs of letters. |
| Tracking | Horizontal spacing between all the characters in a block of text |
| Lines | A literal line, any size, shape, texture, pattern, direction. |
| Positive Space | Length, width, depth of objects. |
| Negative Space | White space, distance between objects. |
| Shapes | 2-dimensional space, enhances publication. Can be geometric, organic, or abstract. |
| Geometric | Triangles, squares, circles. |
| Organic | Natural or man-made shapes. |
| Form | 3-dimensional space added to objects by the addition of shadows, tone, or color transitions. |
| Mass | The size or amount of space taken up by an element. Used for emphasis. |
| Texture | Used to convey a sense of touch or feel. |
| Color | Evokes emotion, can add or detract, can create movement and lead the eye. |
| Calming Colors | Cool colors: blue, green, violet. |
| Exciting Colors | Warm colors: red, orange, yellow. |
| Neutral Colors | Beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray, white. |
| Color Harmony | Choosing pleasing color combinations from a color palette. |
| Color Palette | Selection of a large variety of colors. |
| Complementary Color Scheme | Any 2 colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel. |
| Analogous Color Scheme | Any 3 colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel. |
| Hue | A color. |
| Value | The brightness of a color. |
| Tint | A hue plus white. |
| Shade | A hue plus black. |
| Saturation | The amount of the hue used; a color's intensity. |
| Balance | The arrangement of elements. |
| Radial | The elements radiate from or swirl in a circular or spiral path. |
| Contrast | Emphasizing the difference between elements. |
| Unity/Harmony | All of the design elements are consistent with each other in shape, style, and color. |
| Scale/Proportion | The relationships between the sizes of various elements. |
| Dominance/Emphasis | The first element the eye sees. |
| Grids | The use of columns/rows in design. |
| Rule of Thirds | Splitting an image or design into thirds, so you end up with 9 equal sections. |
| Optical Center | The spot the eye first sees when it encounters a page. |
| Z-pattern | The pattern the eye follows when scanning a page. |
| Symmetrical | Elements are centered or evenly divided both vertically and horizontally. |
| Asymmetrical | Off-center alignment created with an odd or mismatched number of elements |