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MaWD 1.01
Understand typography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Typography | The style, arrangement, and appearance of text. |
| Typeface | The basic design of a character. |
| Serif | The characters have serifs or strokes on the tips. |
| Sans Serif | The characters do not have tips. |
| Ornamental | Artsy typefaces known for their elaborate features and unique design. |
| Script | The characters appear to be hand written. |
| Symbol | Use decorative pictures or symbols instead of characters. |
| Font | A specific weight and style applied to a character. |
| Monospaced | All the characters receive the same amount of horizontal space regardless of the size of the character. |
| Proportional | All characters receive a different amount of horizontal space based on the size of the character. |
| Visual Hierarchy | An arrangement of text in a graduated series to help readers scan and know where to enter and exit the text. |
| Text Size | The vertical height of a character. |
| Text Style | Bold, italic, fill color, stroke color, shadow, small caps. |
| Leading | Vertical spacing between the lines of text. |
| Kerning | Horizontal spacing between pairs of letters. |
| Tracking | Horizontal spacing between all the characters in a large block of text. |
| Lines | Used to organize information, simulate movement, lead the eyes and enhance a design. |
| Positive Space | The length, width, and depth of an object. |
| Negative Space | The "white space" |
| Shapes | 2 dimensional space used to enhance a publication. |
| Geometric | Square, triangle, circle. |
| Organic | Natural or manmade objects such as leaves, trees, and cars. |
| Form | 3 dimensional space added to objects by the addition of shadows, tone, or color transitions. |
| Mass | The size or amount of space taken up by an element. |
| Texture | Used to convey a visual sense of feel. |
| Color | Can be used to evoke emotion. |
| Calming Colors | Cool colors (blue, green, and violet) |
| Exciting Colors | Warm colors (red, orange, and yellow) |
| Neutral Colors | beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray, and white |
| Color Harmony | A visually pleasing arrangement of colors. |
| Color Palette | A chart used to choose colors. |
| Complementary Color Scheme | Any 2 colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel. |
| Analogous Color Scheme | Any three colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel. |
| Monochromatic Color Scheme | Uses variations in lightness and saturation of a single color. |
| Hue | A color |
| Value | The brightness of a color. |
| Tint | A hue plus white. |
| Shade | A hue plus black. |
| Saturation | The amount of the hue used; a color's intensity. |
| Balance | Determined by how elements are arranged. |
| Symmetrical | Elements of the design are centered or evenly divided horizontally and vertically on a page. |
| Asymmetrical | Off-center alignment created with an odd or mismatched number of elements. |
| Radial | Elements radiate or swirl out from a center point. |
| Contrast | Emphasizing the difference between two elements. |
| Unity/Harmony | All of the design elements are consistent with each other in shape, style, and color and consistent with the overall message. |
| Scale/Proportion | The relationships between the sizes of various elements. |
| Dominance/Emphasis | The first element the eye sees; the focal point. |
| Grids | Visually dividing the layout into columns and/or rows. |
| Rule of Thirds | Visually dividing the page into thirds vertically and horizontally and placing the most important element along a line or where the lines intersect. |
| Optical Center | The spot that the eye sees when it first encounters a page - slightly above and to the right of the mathematical center of the page. |
| Z-Pattern | The visual path the eye follows when looking at a printed page. |