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MLT-Enterobacter

Microbiology

QuestionAnswer
Growth medium for Enterobacteriaceace? Good growth on MacConkey agar
Characteristics of Enterobacteriaceace? Oxidase -ve Catalase +ve Fermentative +ve Nitrate reductase +ve
What are the opportunistic pathogens? Klebsiella, Proteus, Citrobacter, Enterobacter affected category: immunocompromised patient
What are the primary pathogens? Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, E.coli
Types of Salmonella? total 2500 species S.typhi, S. paratyphi A,B&C: cause Typhoid Fever Other Salmonella species: cause diarrhoea
Types of Shigella? total 4 species Sh. dysenteriae causes dysentery (bloody diarrhoea) other 3 species: Sh. flexneri , Sh. boydii & Sh.sonnei diarrhoea
Types of Yersinia? total 11 species Y. enterocolitica causes gastro intestinal infection Y. pestis dangerous pathogen causing plague (“Black death”) Transmitted by flea bite
Types of E.coli? E. coli on MacConkey agar pink/magenta colonies Pathogenic E. coli: Enteropathogenic E. coli Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7) Enterotoxigenic E. coli Enteroinvasive E. coli Enteroaggregative E. coli
How does Enteropathogenic E.coli work? Intimate adhesion. Attach to villi, damage intestinal epithelium by adhesion. Associated with infantile diarrhoea.
How does Enterotoxigenic E.coli work? Produce 2 types of enterotoxins : heat labile toxin & heat stable toxin. Associated with traveller’s diarrhoea.
How does Enteroinvasive E.coli work? Intimate Adhesion. Damage by invasiveness. Phagosome lyses, intracellular movement , lateral spread to other cell. Watery diarrhoea with mucus & may be bloody.
How does Enteroaggregative E.coli work? Aggregate adhesion in mucus, deliver toxin. Causes diarrhoea at all ages.
How does Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7) work? Intimate adhesion, deliver Shiga toxin. Damage intestinal epithelium by adhesion. Produce cytotoxin (Shiga toxin), causes bloody diarrhoea , renal failure
Types of Klebsiela spp.? 7 species identified, Kleb . pneumoniae is the most important species. Causes UTI, RTI, septicaemia , etc , an important nosocomial pathogen. Colonies are large, mucoid and viscous.
Types of Proteus? total 4 species. P. mirabilis & P. vulgaris are important. Produces swarming colonies on agar.
Types of Enterobacter? total 15 species. E. aerogenes and E. cloacae are most important. Causes UTI, RTI, septicaemia , etc , an important nosocomial pathogen.
Types of Citrobacter? total 11 species. 11 species, C. diversus (indole +ve ) & C. freundii (H 2 S +) are more common
Created by: kencho
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