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Science Final
7th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| used for growth and repair in multicellular organisms | proteins |
| nutrients used for energy | carbohydrate |
| simplest form of carbohydrate ; simple sugar | glucose |
| cell membrane | - "skin" of the cell - lets things in and out |
| cell wall | - outer most structure in a plant cell that provides support |
| ribosome | - makes proteins - information for DNA to make proteins |
| mitocondria | - power house of the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | - transport proteins in the cell |
| chromosome | - in the nucleus - made up of bonded DNA |
| Mendal | - studied pea plants |
| xx | - girl |
| xy | - boy |
| fertilization | - sperm and egg join together and become zygote (fertilized egg) |
| atoms | from the greek word meaning indivisable |
| what three particules make make up an atom | protons neutrons electrons |
| nucleus | the center of the atom, contains neutrons and protrons and accounts for 99% of the atoms mass |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| atomic mass | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| protrons | positiviley charged particule in the nucleus of an atom |
| the energy in food is measured in these units | calories |
| anything on planet Earth that is living or was once living and contains the substance carbon | orgamic |
| human sex cells | - 23 chromosomes |
| normal human body cells | - 46 chromosomes |
| DNA | - blue print of life |
| metals that share pools of valance electrons. | metallic bonds |
| an atom that is stable if it has 8 electrons in its outer shell. | octet rule |
| the outermost shell is the valance shell. | valance electrons |
| any 2 or more atoms that are chemically bonded. | compound |
| compounds that are covalently bonded | molecule |
| waston and crick | - received the nobel prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA |
| one parent form of reproduction that produces genetically identical offspring | asexual reproduction |
| the substance that exits in the greatest quantity in solution | solvent |
| any change in which the identifying properties of a substance remain no new substances or properties are formed example:liquid water freezing | physically change |
| two or more substances bonded chemically | chemically combined |
| a description of a reaction using element symbols and chemical formulas | chemical equations |
| a type of chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine and form one compound | synthesis reaction |
| Basic unit of genetics, codes for traits | gene |
| passing on of traits from one generation to the next | heredity |
| there is always variation | genetic variation |
| two different genes for a given trait | hybrid (heterozygous) |
| same genes for given trait | purebred (homozygous) |
| a type of chemical reaction in which one compound breaks down and forms | decomposition reaction |
| one element replaces another element in a compound | single replacement |
| the negative ions in two compounds switch places forming two new compounds | double replacement |
| the total mass of reactants before the chemical reaction is the same as the total mass after the chemical reaction equation must be balanced on both sides | law of conversation mass |
| 2 or more elements or compounds combined that are physically mixed | mixture |
| mixtures that are uniformly mixed examples: cool aide, sugar in water | solution |
| a substance being dissolved in a solution example: cool aide | solute |
| acids and bases increase by factors of 10, an acid with a PH of 1 is 10 times stronger than an acid with a PH of 2 | PH scale |
| an acid and a base react chemically and neutralize each other | neutralization |
| a reaction that takes in heat | endothermic reaction |
| the total mass of the reactants before the chemical reaction is the same as the total mass after the chemical reaction; equation must be balanced on both sides. | law of conservation of mass |
| what genes an organism has ex :AA or BB | genotype |
| 4Pb(NO3)2 how many pb (lead) | 4 |
| 4Pb(NO3)2 how many N (nitrogen) | 8 |
| 4Pb(NO3)2 how many O (oxygen) | 24 |
| a substance that produces positive hydrogen ions (h+) in a liquid solution | acid |
| a substance that produces a negative hydroxide ion (OH) in a liquid solution | base |
| H2+O2----------------- h2O | unbalanced |
| 2h2_+ O2--------------2H2O | balanced |
| CH4+O2-------------- CO2+H2O | unbalanced |
| CH4+O2-----------------CO2+2HO | unbalanced |
| CH4+2O2 ------------- CO2+2H2O | balanced |
| C3h8+5O2-----------------4H2O+3O2 | unbalanced |
| C3h8+5O2----------------3H2O+3CO2 | unbalanced |
| a nuetrally charged particle in the nucleus of an atom | neutrons |
| a negitivly charged particle that occupies the space in an atom OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS | electron |
| atoms with the same protons but different numbers of neutrons | isotopes |
| metals what are the characteristics of metals? | good conductorof heat and electricity malleable and ductile |
| non metals what are the characteristics of nonmetals | poor conductors of heat and electricity dull break and shatter instead of bending |
| periods of the periodic table | a single horizontal portion of the periodic table THEY GET HEAVIER AS THEY GO |
| the space in which an electron is most likely found the first energy level can only have two electrons the seconds can have up to eight | energy level |
| ionic bonding (Na+CI-) salt | atoms bonded with opposite charges |
| 2(NH4)2Cr2O7 how many N (nitrogen) | 4 |
| 2(NH4)2Cr2O7 how many H (hydrogen) | 16 |
| 2(NH4)2Cr2O7 how many Cr (chromium) | 4 |
| 2(NH4)2Cr2O7 how many O (oxygen) | 14 |
| -two parent form of reproduction - sperm and egg together - variation of offspring | sexual reproduction |
| one cell organism | unicellular |
| many celled organism | multicellular |
| in sexual reproduction, the production of sex cells with 1/2 the chromosomes | meiosis |
| the cells uses oxygen to rip apart food (glucose) for energy in the mitochondria | respiration |
| plant cells use carbon dioxide and water and the sun's energy to make glucose and oxygen | photosynthesis |
| basic unit of life. controls all life functions | cells |
| name the order of cell hierarchy | cell -- tissue -- organ -- organ system -- organism |
| -reproduction of cells - one cell splits to form two identical cells -used for growth and repair in a multicellular organism - unicellular organisms reproduce by cell division | mitosis/ cell division |
| uncontrolled (abnormal) mitosis means that the cells of an organism do not know when to stop dividing | cancer |
| NaOH+H2SO4----------Na2SO4+2H2O | unbalanced |
| 2NaOH+H2SO4-------------Na2SO4+2H2O | balanced |
| what an organism looks like | phenotype |
| stronger gene that hides the recessive gene | dominant trait |
| the weaker gene that is hidden by dominant trait | recessive gene |
| both genes are expressed/ trait is blended | incomplete dominance |
| a change in DNA molecule | mutation |
| crossing organisms with desirable traits | selective breeding |
| he designed the periodic table in which elements are arranged according to weight (periods/ rows) or their chemical properties (columns/ families) | Dmitri Mendeleev |
| 1 molecules; 2 NA (sodium); 1 CR (chromium); 4 o (oxygen) | Na2CrO4 |
| 1 molecule; 1 N (nitrogen); 7 H (hydrogen); 2 C (carbon); 2 o (oxygen) | NH4C2H3O2 |
| -control center of cell - contains genetic material which is chromosomes that can only been found in Eukaryotic cells | nucleus |
| cells that work together to perform a function for the organism | tissue |
Created by:
katiekofod
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