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CAPM 8
Chapter 8 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activity network diagram | These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work. |
| Affinity diagram | This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components. |
| Benchmarking | Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance. |
| Cause-and-effect diagrams | Diagrams that show the relationship between variables within a process and how those relationships may contribute to inadequate quality. |
| Checklist | A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy. |
| Control chart | A quality control chart that maps the performance of project work over time. |
| Control quality | An inspection-driven process that measures work results to confirm that the project is meeting the relevant quality standards. |
| Cost of conformance | This is the cost associated with the monies spent to attain the expected level of quality. It is also known as the cost of quality. |
| Cost of nonconformance to quality | The cost associated with not satisfying quality expectations. This is also known as the cost of poor quality. |
| Cost-benefit analysis | A process to study the trade-offs between costs and the benefits realized from those costs. |
| Cause-and-effect diagrams | The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality. |
| Design of experiments | An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome. |
| External QA | Assurance provided to the external customers of the project. |
| Flowchart | A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. These show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly. |
| Internal QA | Assurance provided to management and the project team. |
| ISO | The abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization. |
| ISO | ISO is Greek for “equal,” while “International Organization for Standardization” in a different language would be abbreviated differently. The organization elected to use “ISO” for all languages. |
| Matrix diagram | A data analysis table that shows the strength between variables and relationships in the matrix. |
| Pareto diagram | A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project. |
| Quality | According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements. |
| Quality assurance | A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. It aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable. |
| Quality management plan | This plan defines how the project team will implement and fulfill the quality policy of the performing organization. |
| Quality metrics | The operational definitions that specify the measurements within a project and the expected targets for quality and performance. |
| Quality planning | The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards. |
| Rule of Seven | A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project. |
| Run chart | A quality control tool that shows the results of inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. |
| Run chart | The goal of this is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge. |
| Scatter diagram | A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related the closer they track against a diagonal line. |
| Seven basic quality tools | These seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams. |
| Statistical sampling | A process of choosing a percentage of results at random. For example, a project creating a medical device may have 20 percent of all units randomly selected to check for quality. |
| System or process flowcharts | Flowcharts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process. |
| Tree diagram | These show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of this. |
| Trend analysis | The science of using past results to predict future performance. |
| CAPM Exam Prep Seminar ©Instructing.com Page 4 Work performance information | The results of the project work as needed. This includes technical performance measures, project status, information on what the project has created to date, corrective actions, and performance reports. |
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