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Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ataxia | Tremor like movement with delayed initation |
| Adiadochokinesia | "Not moving together" to preform rapid movements |
| Dysmetria | Faulty distance between two points (inability to estimate ROM to reach target) |
| Dyssynergia | Faulty woking together (movement appears jerky) |
| Tremors (2 types) | 1. Intentional tremors 2. Resting tremors |
| Dysarthria | Faulty speech |
| Nystagmus | Involuntary control of the eyeballs |
| Choreiform movements | Uncontrolled, irregular, purposeless, quick, and jerky motions (may happen in sleep) |
| Athetoid movements | Slow, worm-like motions (does not happen in sleep) |
| Spasms | Sudden involuntary muscle contractions |
| Ballism | One side of the body |
| Dystonia | Faulty muscle tone or tension |
| Hypotonicity | Flaccidity of muscle, muscles feel soft, no resistance, and cannot hold position |
| Hypertonicity | Spasticity/ increased resistance to passive stretch |
| Hypertonicity (mild, moderate, and severe) | Mild - may feel resistance during PROM (full ROM is attainable) Moderate - constant resistance during PROM (full ROM is attainable) Severe- strong resistance during PROM |
| Parietal Lobe | Responsible for sensory information that had to do with taste, temperature, and touch. |
| Temporal Lobe | Responsible for processing auditory information from the ears |
| Occipital Lobe | Responsible for processing visual information from the eyes |
| Frontal Lobe | Responsible for mental processing |
| Feedback | Provide information about performance |
| Feedforward | Uses sensory information to plan movement |
| Olfactory sensation | Declines with age, decreased sense of smell affects the ability to taste, influences emotional state and evokes memories |
| Hyposmia | Diminished sense of smell |
| Anosmia | Lose of sense of smell (interferes with detection of environmental orders- safety issues) |
| (P) arosmia | Pleasant odors may be distorted |
| Proprioception | Unconscious sense of joint position and motion |
| Graphesthesia | Identification of numbers and letters when they are "written" on the skin |
| Body Scheme | Awareness of body parts, the position of the body and its parts in relation to themselves and the enviroment |
| Asomatognosia | Severe loss of body scheme |
| Praxis | Ability to plan and perform purposeful movement |
| Apraxia | Inability to plan and perform the motor acts needed |
| Ideomotor praxia | Inability to perform an action on command a motor skill |
| Constructional apraxia | Inability to draw, copy, or construct designs |
| Dressing apraxia | Inability to plan and perform a sequence needed to dress |
| Finger agnosia | Naming, Identifying |
| Declarative (or explicit memory) (2) | 1. Episodic memory 2. Semantic memory |
| Episodic memory | Personal hx and life experiences |
| Semantic memory | General knowledge shared by a group example: rules of social behavior |
| Procedural memory | Cannot tell, but can perform the action |
| Prospective memory | Ability to remember events that are set to occur in the future |
| Anosognosia | Total inability to recognize deficits "lack of insight/awareness" |
| Acalculia | Inability to perform simple mathematical tasks |
| Alexia | Unable to read |
| Agraphia | Unable to write |
| Diplopia | (Double vision): good to cover one eye to remove that double vision. |
| Figure-Closure | Ability to for ex. see a stop sign and although a portion of it is blocked from a tree, you know it’s a stop sign. |
| Figure-Ground | Ability to distinguish an object from its background |
| Pattern Recognition | Able to distinguish an object from its surroundings |
| Visual Scanning | Able to shift attention from one side to the other looking for box of cereal, then milk, etc. |
| Homonymous Hemianopsia | Loss of the right half, or left half of the visual field in each eye |
| ARMD | Age Related Macular Degeneration |
| Glaucoma | Second leading cause of blindness |
| ARMD | Leading cause of loss of central vision for older adult |
| Cataracts | Result in gradual, painless loss of vision |
| Presbyopia | Far-sightedness associated with aging |
| Hyperopia | Far-sightedness |
| Myopia | Near-sightedness |
| Diabetic retinopathy | Starts with floaters; progresses to blurred vision and visual loss Control of blood sugar slows the progression |
| Visual memory | Create and retain a visual image |
| Oculomotor control | Effective control of eye movements |
| Visual acuity | Visual information is sharp, clear, and accurate |
| Visual perception | Vision and information from other senses are integrated and interpreted by the brain forms a visual image of the environment |
| Hypoalgesia | Diminished pain sensation |
| Analgesia | Complete loss of pain sensation |
| Hyperesthesia | Increased sensitivity |
| Hypoesthesia | Decreased sensation |
| Paresthesia | Abnormal sensation |
| Anesthesia | Complete loss of sensation |
| Ideational apraxia | Inability to comprehend the concept of required movement to do a task |
| Visual Agnosia | Inability to recognize common items that can be see |
| Prosopagnosia | Inability to identify faces |
| Form Discrimination | Ability to differentiate between a pen and a highlighter |
| Depth Perception | When they are going down the stairs |
| Astereognosis | Inability to identify an object without looking |
| Transfer of Learning Approach | Generalization “Brain Exercises” |
| Chunking | Sorting objects such as clothing, food, and able to divide objects by group |
| Recognition | Identification of something from the past |
| Sustained Attention | Able to focus attention on a task |
| Alternating Attention | Able to alternate between 2 or more tasks |
| Divided Attention | Able to attend to more than one task simultaneously |
| Selective Attention | Able to focus under distracting circumstances |
| Working Memory | Actively using information with the intention of retaining it |
| Visual Field Loss | Loss of any portion of four quarters |
| Ideational Apraxia | Inability to comprehend the concept of required movement to do a task |
| NDT | Neurodevelopment treatment |
| CIT | Constraint-induced movement therapy |
| Rebound phenomenon of Holmes | "to bounce or sing back" |
| Stereognosis | Identification of an object without vision |
| Body scheme | Aware of body parts |
| Asomatognosia | Severe loss of body scheme |
| Praxis | Ability to plan and perform purposeful movements |
| Apraxia | Inability to plan and perform purposeful movements |
| Anosognosia | Total inability to recognize deficits |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing |
| Broca aphasia | Expressive aphasia |
| Wernicke aphasia | Receptive aphasia |
| Global aphasia | loss of receptive and expressive |
| Right-side responsible for? | Language, time concepts, and analytic thinking |
| Left-side responsible for? | Visual perceptual function and perception as a whole |
| Brainstem stroke | Life threatening controls breathing, heart rate, BP |
| Two types of strokes? | Brainstem and a Cerebellum stroke |
| Hemiplegia | One-side paralysis |
| Hemiparesis | One-side weakness |
| Transient ischemic attack (TIA) | Incomplete stroke with symptoms lasting a few minutes to 24 hours |
| Thrombus | Bloot clot causing blockage |
| Embolus | Traveling blood clot |
| DVT | Deep vein thrombosis |
| Rood approach | Facilitatory and Inhibitory Techniques |
| CHI | Close head injury |
| DAI | Caused by stretching and shearing forces |
| Rigidity | Increased muscle in the agonist and antagonist |
Created by:
Genevadarcius
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