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IB Topic 3

Networks

TermDefinition
Network a group of two or more computers linked together
Local area network(LAN) group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line or wireless link to a server
Virtual local area network(VLAN) broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2)
Wide area network(WAN) geographically distributed private telecommunications network that interconnects multiple local area networks
Storage area network designed to handle large data transfers and bulk storage of digital information
Wireless local area network allows devices to connect and communicate wirelessly
Personal area network interconnection between different devices like smartphone, tablet, computer and other digital devices for an individual
Peer-to-peer each computer is a client as well as a server
Compatibility standards specifications that allow two or more items or components of equipment or material to exist or function in the same system or environment without mutual interference
OSI seven layer model physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application
Network layers responsible for packet forwarding including routing through intermediate routers
Protocol a set of rules or procedures for transmitting data between electronic devices
Data packet information broken into units which are transmitted through the Internet
Data integrity the maintenance of, and the assurance of the accuracy and consistency of information over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves information
Flow control process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver
Deadlock a specific condition when two or more processes are each waiting for another to release a resource, or more than two processes are waiting for resources in a circular chain
Congestion network state where a node or link carries so much data that it may deteriorate network service quality, resulting in queuing delay, frame or data packet loss and the blocking of new connections
Error Checking testing for accurate transmission of data over a communications network or internally within the computer system
Data transmission process of transferring data between two or more digital devices in analog or digital form
Data compression bit-rate reduction involves encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation
Characteristics of transmission speed, capacity, cost, and security
Transmission media pathway using cables or waves that carries information through electrical or electromagnetic signals from sender to receiver
Packet Switching a mode of data transmission in which a message is broken into a number of parts which are sent independently, over whatever route is optimum, and reassembled at the destination
Wireless network characteristics mobility, reachability, simplicity, maintainability, roaming services, smart services
Network security protection of the access to files and directories in a computer network against hacking, misuse and unauthorized changes to the system
Encryption types WEP(Wired Equivalent Privacy), WPA(Wi-Fi Protected Access), SSL(Secure Socket Layer), AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard), Blowfish, RSA, and DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm)
userID logical entity used to identify a user on a software, system, website or within any generic IT environment
MAC (Media Access Control) address hardware identification number that uniquely identifies each device on a network
Types of transmission media twisted pair wiring, coaxial cable, wired transmission, wireless transmission, microwave, optic fibre, satellite
Cause of network congestion bandwidth is insufficient and network data traffic exceeds capacity
Created by: shoemaker
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