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Chapter 1

Vocabulary for Chapter 1

QuestionAnswer
Biological psychology the study of the biological bases of physiological processes and behavior
Neuroscience the study of the nervous system
Behavioral neuroscience the field of study concerned with the ways in which nervous system activity manifests in behavior
Conserved in the context of evolution, referring to a trait that is passed on from a common ancestor to two or more descendant species
Ontogeny the process by which an individual changes in the course of its lifetime (that is, grows up and grows old
Neuron also called nerve cell. The basic unit of the nervous system
Somatic intervention an approach to finding relations between body variables and behavioral variables that involves manipulating body structure or function and looking for resultant changes in behavior
Independent variable the factor that is manipulated by an experimenter
Dependent variable the factor that an experimenter measures to monitor a change in response to changes in an independent variable
Behavioral intervention an approach to finding relations between body variables and behavioral variables that involves intervening in the behavior of an organism and looking for resultant changes in body structure or function
Correlation the covariation of two measures
Neural plasticity also called neuroplasticity. The ability of the nervous system to change in response to experience or the environment
Levels of analysis the scope of experimental approaches. A scientist may try to understand behavior by monitoring molecules, nerve cells, brain regions or social environments, or some combination of these levels of analysis
Reductionism the scientific strategy of breaking a system down into increasingly smaller parts in order to understand it
Dualism the notion, promoted by Descartes, that the mind is subject only to spiritual interactions, while the body is subject only to material interactions
Phrenology the belief that bumps on the skull reflect enlargements of brain regions responsible for certain behavioral faculties
Consciousness the state of awareness of one’s own existence and experience
Created by: jweis7
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