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Chapter 1
Intro to the Body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hypothesis | a statement saying what we want to do |
| Experiment | test the hypothesis with a limit |
| Theory or Law | a hypothesis that has been proved by experiments to have a high degree of confidence |
| Structural Level of Organizations | Cells - Tissues - Organs - Systems - Body - Body as a Whole |
| Homeostasis | the body evening things out (equalizing, balance) |
| Anatomical Position | when the body stands erect with the arms at the sides and palms turned forward |
| Superior | toward the head, upper, above |
| Inferior | toward the feet, lower, below |
| Anterior | front, in front of |
| Posterior | back, in back of |
| Medial | toward the midline of a structure |
| Lateral | away from the midline of a structure |
| Proximal | toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest point of origin of a structure |
| Distal | away from or farthest from the trunk, or farthest from a structure's point of region |
| Superficial | nearer the body surface |
| Deep | farther away from the body surface |
| Sagittal Plane | lengthwise plane that divides a structure into right and left sections |
| Midsagittal Plane | sagittal plane that divides the body into two equal halves |
| Frontal (coronal) Plane | lengthwise plane that divides a structure into anterior and posterior sections |
| Transverse Plane | horizontal plane that divides a structure into upper and lower sections. (superior/inferior) |
| Thoracic Cavity | Mediastinum- Mid Portion of thoracic; heart and trachea are located in mediastinum |
| Pleural Cavities | right lung located in right pleural cavity; left lung is in left pleural cavity |
| Abdominopelvic Cavity | Abdominal cavity contains stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen |
| Pelvic Cavity | contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lowest part of intestine |
| 4 Quadrants | Right Upper, Left Upper, Right Lower, Left Lower |
| 9 Quadrants | Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left Hypochondriac, Left Lumbar, Umbilical, Right Lumbar, Right Iliac, Hypogastric, Left Iliac |
| Dorsal Cavity | Cranial Cavity & Spinal Cavity |
| Cranial Cavity | Contains brain |
| Spinal Cavity | contains spinal cord |
| Axial Region | head, neck, and torso/trunk |
| Appendicular Region | upper and lower extremities |
| Atrophy | (decrease in size); occurs when an organ is not used |
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TheLifeOfMJ
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