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Mutations & Genetic

TermDefinition
Mutation Any change to an organism’s genetic code.
Mutagen A physical or chemical agent capable of inducing a mutation.
Point Mutation A mutation in which one base pair is either added, deleted, or substituted for a different base.
Silent Mutation A mutation in which, although there is a base change, there is no change in the organism’s genotype.
Frame-Shift Mutation A mutation in which one base pair is deleted, shifting the entire frame of the DNA code.
Genetic Engineering The direct manipulation of one or more genes in an organism.
Artificial Selection The active breeding of specific plants and animals to produce desirable traits.
Cloning The process by which an exact copy of an organism is created.
In-vitro Fertilization Medical procedure in which an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell outside of the body, such as a test tube.
Gene Splicing The process by which the DNA of an organism is removed and another gene from a different organism is inserted in its place.
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) an organism whose genome has been altered by the techniques of genetic engineering so that its DNA contains one or more genes not normally found there.
Created by: mkoehler5
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