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KIN 3600
midterm 1 quizes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first law of thermodynamics states that energy | cannot be created nor destroyed. |
| Coupled reactions are defined as | reactions that are linked together, with the liberation of free energy in one reaction being used to drive the second reaction. |
| The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through | ATP-CP system |
| Which of the following statements about glycolysis is correct? | glycolysis ends with the production of pyruvic acid or lactic acid. |
| If muscle glycogen is the initial substrate, ____ ATP can be produced via glycolysis. | 3 |
| The primary function of the Krebs cycle is to | complete the oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (i.e., form NADH and FADH). |
| Each pair of electrons passed through the electron transport chain from NADH to oxygen releases enough energy to form | 2.5 ATP |
| The total ATP production via aerobic breakdown of glucose is | 32 ATP |
| The most important rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis is | phosphofructokinase |
| The rate limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is | isocitrate dehydrogenase |
| In general, the higher the intensity of the activity, the greater the contribution of | anaerobic energy production |
| The process of beta-oxidation involves | the breakdown of a fatty acid to acetyl-CoA. |
| The accumulation of ____ would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme. | ATP |
| T/F Exercise physiology is the scientific study of functional responses and adaptations of only chronic exercise and their implications with disease, environment, and human performance. | False |
| Scientific study of natural phenomenon associated with health, physical activity, exercise and sports. | True |
| Which of the following is not a key difference between biological vs man made machines? | Absence of stress enhances the functional capacity of biological machines |
| Which of the following are or is a characteristic of an enzyme? | -can increase speed of reaction -their function is dependent on temp. of environment - their function is dependent on acidity of environment |
| What is the role of glucagon | increase blood glucose |
| First law states that energy can neither be ____ or ____, it can only be converted from one form to the other. | created destroyed |
| Second law: during the process of energy transformation the energy tends to go from _____ state to the state of ___. | organized Disorder |
| Which of the following are components of negative feedback system? | Effector Sensor Integrator |
| Which of the following is true about increase pressure on the cervix by fetal head? | It is part of vicious feedback system and increases contractions |
| T/F Homeostasis is a state of a normal and constant internal environment in biological organisms regardless of the stressors that tend to disturb it | True |
| T/F Steady state is state of normal and constant internal environment in physiological variables (e.g. HR, Vo2, Core temperature, Blood pH) only during normal resting conditions. | False |
| Free energy is? | energy used for work |
| Which of the following is not a characteristics of enzymes? | 1. Enzymes can alter the final outcomeof the reactions |
| What is optimum temperature? | the temperature at which the catalytic activity of an enzyme is the highest |
| What is the result of Adenosine Triphosphate being broken down? | -ADP, Pi, Energy is released -Results in the need to resynthesize ATP |
| When ATP is broken down how can we remake ATP? | Glycolysis Glycogenolysis ATP-PC system KREBS-ETC |
| Theoretically if pH is around 8.7 and temperature is 39 degrees celsius. What would you expect to see when ATP is being broken down? | ATPase activity to be at its highest The amount of Pi, Energy, and ADP generated is high |
| T/F Exercise science studies natural phenomenon associated with health, physical activity, exercise and sports. It can also be a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of the sport injuries. | False |
| T/F Man made machines respond to stress by adapting and improving their function, while biological machines become old and worn out with a progressive decline in their functional capacity. | False |
| T/F Homeostasis is a state of a normal and constant internal environment in biological organisms regardless of the stressors that tend to disturb it. | True |
| T/F The higher the intensity the more fat utilization over muscle glycogen. | False |
| Substrate utilization will first start with whatever is readily available | True |
| Which law of thermodynamics underlines the process of converting solar energy to plants and from plants converting them into stored glycogen? | First |
| If hexokinase were to be deleted what would you expect to occur? | -glucose break down would be slowed down -glucose into glucose 6-phosphate will be inhibited -glycolysis would slow down |
| What is the result of anaerobic Glycogenolysis? | 4 gross ATP, 3 net ATP, 2NADH, 2 Lactate |
| How much free energy does the hydrolysis of 1 ATP molecule release? | 7.3 kcal |
| What are the substrates we use for glycolysis? | -glucose -glycogen |
| What is the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis? | Phosphofructokinase |
| Which of the following are positive modulators for glycolysis? | Ca++ Basic ADP |
| In aerobic glycolysis what is the shuttle system that takes H+ into the mitochondria of skeletal muscle? | glycerol phosphate |
| What follows the hydrolysis of ATP? | CP system |
| If you break down glucose and or glycogen what is the gross ATP result? | 4 |
| What are the products of 1 glycogen molecule undergoing aerobic systems? | 4grossATP(Glycogenolysis), 3netATP (Glycogenolysis), 2pyruvate, 2 krebs “spins”, 33total |
| What is the main purpose of Krebs cycle? | Oxidize acetyl-CoA |
| which of the following is true about the Chemiosmotic Hypothesis | -The increase of H+ creates a gradient in the outer compartment of mitochondrion -The gradient in the outer compartment drives ATP synthase |
Created by:
rmart11
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