Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P 1 CH1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Study of structure |
| Subdivisions of anatomy: | Macroscopic, microscopic, developmental |
| Essential tools for studying anatomy | Mastery of terminology, observation, manipulation, palpation, ausculation (listening) |
| Physiology | Study of function at many levels |
| Subdivisions based on | Organ systems |
| Principle of complementarity | Function always reflects structure |
| Levels of structural organization | Atoms, molecules, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
| Name 11 major organ systems | Intergumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive |
| Integumentary | External body covering, protects deeper tissues from injury, sysnthesizes vitamin D and houses cutaneous receptors and sweat and oil glands |
| Skeletal | Protects and supports organs, framework muscles use to cause movement, store minerals and blood cells created within |
| Muscular | Allows manipulation of environment, locomotion, maintains posture and produces heat |
| Nervous system | Control system, responds to changes by activating muscles and glands |
| Endocrine | Glands secrete hormones that regulate body processes i.e. growth, reproduction and metabolism |
| Cardiovascular system | Transport blood which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients wastes, etc. |
| Lymphatic | Immune response and cleaning, houses white blood cells, disposes of debris, picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns to blood |
| Respiratory | Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removed co2. Gaseous exchanges occur through walls of air sacs in lungs |
| Digestive | Breaks down food into absorbable units, stores excess nutrients, indigestible eliminated as feces |
| Urinary | Removes nitrogenous waste, regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood |
| Reproductive | Production of offspring, females create egg and have structures for development, mammary glands produce milk |
| 9 necessary life functions | Maintaining boundaries between in and out, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth, evolution |
| 5 basic survival needs | Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temp, appropriate atmospheric pressure |
| Homeostasis | Maintaining stable internal ennvironemnt despite outside changes, dynamic process, constantly regulating via nervous and endocrine systems |
| 3 components of control mechanism | Receptor (sensor) ~ control center (determines set point and appropriate response) ~ Effector (carries out response) |
| Negative feeback and examples | Brings body back toward homeostasis, constantly regulating i.e. body temp, blood volume, blood sugar |
| Positive feedback and examples | Enhances or exaggerates orginial stimulus, Cascade effect i.e. labor contractions by oxytocin, blood clotting |
| Anatomical position | Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward |
| Cephalic | Head |
| Head | |
| Cervical | Spinal cord |
| Thoracic | Chest |
| Pelvic | Pelvis |
| Pubic | Genital region |
| Manus | Hand |
| Pedal | Foot |
| Cranial | Towards head or upper part of structure |
| Superior | Towards head or upper part of structure |
| Inferior | Away from head, towards lower part of structure |
| Caudal | Away from head, towards lower part of structure |
| Ventral | Toward front on body |
| Anterior | Toward front on body |
| Dorsal | Towards back of body |
| Posterior | Towards back of body |
| Medial | Towards midline |
| Lateral | Away from midline |
| Intermediate | Between a more medial and a more lateral structure |
| Proximal | Closer to origin of limb |
| Distal | Further from origin of limb |
| Superficial | Toward or at body surface also called external |
| Deep | Away from body surface also called internal |
| Two major divisions of body name them and what's in them | Axial - head,neck, trunk Appendicular - limbs |
| Divides body vertically into right and left parts. Describe 2 types | Sagital plane. Midsagittal falls right on midline. Parasagittal plane is not on midline. |
| Divides body vertically into anterior and posterior parts | Frontal (or coronal) plane |
| Divides body horizontally into Superior and inferior parts. Creates a cross section. | Transverse (horizontal) plane |
| Cavity that protects nervous system. Name its two subdivisions | Dorsal. Cranial (encases brain) and vertebral (encases spinal cord). |
| Cavity that house interal organs (viscera). Name 2 subdivisions. | Ventral. Thoracic and abdominopelvic. |
| What sperates thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? | Diaphragm |
| What does thoracic cavity contain? | Heart and lungs |
| What does abdominal cavity contain? | Digestive viscera - stomach, intestines, spleen, liver |
| What does pelvic cavity contain? | Urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum |
| Name 9 abdominopelvic quadrents and say where they are located | Starting from top right proceeding to the left - right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac (inguinal), hypogastric (pubic), left iliac (inguinal) |
Created by:
Hudsonbielecki
Popular Physiology sets