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Troubleshooting/Insp
Troubleshooting Powerplants and Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hearing air from crankcase breather, or oil filler during differential compression checks | Indications of Piston Ring Leakage |
| Engine misses in both L and R Mag positions | 1 or more Cold Cylinders (If on different mags, would drop on either position) |
| Engine running rough, Manifold Pressure higher than normal @ all RPMs, mag drop normal. What's the likely cause? | Dead Cylinder -Throttle has to be higher to hit the same RPM, which means manifold pressure is higher. -Won't show on mag check, since cylinder won't fire on either mag (no noticeable drop during check, since it's already dead). |
| Oil pressure gauge fluctuates between 0 and Normal. Likely cause? | Low oil supply -Drops to 0 when pump hits air, returns to normal with oil passing through. |
| Backfire @ Low RPM? | Lean Mixture |
| Overheating @ the exhaust valve, most likely due to...? | A mixture leaner than the Manual Lean Mixture of .060 -The leaner mixture will continue burning into the exhaust system. |
| Increasing Manifold Pressure, with constant RPM causes Bearing Load to (Increase/Decrease)? | Increase |
| A reduced valve overlap is caused by what? | Excessive valve clearances |
| This check is required during 100hr/Annual by 14 CFR 43 Appendix D | Compression Check |
| If the Intake valve opens too early, it could cause what? | Backfiring -Burning exhaust gases enter the induction system and ignite the mixture. |
| What is the best indication of worn valve guides? | High oil consumption |
| If the valves on an Overhead-Valve engine will not properly seat during start/warmup, what is the likely cause? | The valve clearance is too small -This puts more pressure on valves when cold -As cylinder head heats up, it expands out, increasing the gap and letting the valves seat properly. |
| Most likely cause of Detonation? | Using fuel with too LOW an Octane Rating -Octane rating is a measure of Detonation Resistance) |
| Non-Ferrous (non-magnetic) particles found in oil sump and filter, where are they most likely from? | Possibly from the plain-type bearings, or the pistons, since neither are magnetic. Should be investigated further. |
| Operating at high power settings before proper warm-up can cause what? | Oil starvation of bearings, etc. |
| What are 3 Main factors that effect the Max Compression Ratio of an engine? | Fuel detonation characteristics, Design Limitations, and any Supercharging present. |
| When reducing power with a constant speed prop, which is adjusted first? Throttle (Manifold Pressure), or Prop RPM? | Throttle -When operating near BMEP, otherwise, high manifold pressures + low RPM cause damaging-high cylinder pressures. |
| Two ways to measure valve stretch? | -Caliper to the stem (diameter thins with stretch) -Radius gauge between Stem/Head (flattens with stretch) |
| When operating with a fixed-pitch prop/test club, a "Weak Engine" is indicated by what? | Lower than normal Static RPM @ Full throttle operation. |
| How do you measure Crankshaft Run-out? | Dial caliper, rotate for 1 complete revolution. Total Runout = difference between Max/Min readings. |
| 3 contributing factors that effect Detonation? | -High Manifold-pressure -Overheating (steep climbs, intake temp, less cooling, etc.) -Lower grade fuels |
| On a cold engine, oil pressure will be higher/lower? | Higher |
| Checking for hydraulic lock should be done if shut down for more than _ minutes. | 30 Minutes |
| A radial engine with a floating cam ring, what must be done while adjusting the valves? | Depress the valves on the opposite side, which allows the cam ring to pull towards the bearing on the side being checked. |
| How do you tell if a dry-sump engine is sufficiently pre-oiled? | Oil should flow from the return line, or the indicator port. |
| An engine with low oil-pressure, and high oil-temp might be an indication of what? | A leaking Oil-Dilution valve. The oil is thinning, dropping the oil pressure, and is not thick enough to carry the heat out of the engine. |
| When checking for hydraulic lock, the engine should be turned in which direction/how many turns? | 3-4 turns in the normal direction of rotation. |
| Will a Dead cylinder show up on a mag check? | No, as it will drop on both magnetos. |
| How do you verify proper thread engagement on Engine Control Push/Pull rods? | Check the inspection hole. If safety-wire can go through, there might not be enough threads inside. |
| Twin-Engine, Fuel-Injected Recip aircraft: 1 Fuel Flowmeter reads way higher than the other in all operation configurations. What’s the probable cause? | One or more fuel nozzles are clogged *Flowmeter in a continuous-flow injection system reads the pressure drop across the injector nozzles. *Clogged nozzle = greater pressure drop, higher flow indication |
Created by:
avandermey
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