Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CIT173 Ch 4 - 6
Key Terms Chapters 4 - 6 CIT173
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Access Control Entries (ACE) | A specific entry in a file or folder’s ACL that uniquely identifies a user or group by its security identifier and the action it is allowed or denied to take on that file or folder. |
| Access Control List (ACL) | For those file systems that support ACLs for files and folders, such as NTFS, the ACL is a property of every file and folder in that file system. |
| basic disk | An older, IBM |
| Disk Management console | An MMC console snap-in used to administer hard disks in Windows 10. |
| DiskPart A command-line tool for managing disks. You can perform advanced operations with DiskPart that are not available in Disk Management | |
| disk quota | A system of tracking owners for file data within an NTFS-formatted partition or volume and the total disk space consumed by each owner. Limits or warning can be established to restrict disk space usage. |
| dynamic disk | A method for organizing disks introduced in Windows 2000 as a replacement for basic disks, but was never very popular. Dynamic disks can have a large number of volumes and also support some fault tolerant disk configurations. |
| File Allocation Table (FAT) | A file system used to organize files and folders in a partition or volume. The common versions of FAT supported by Windows 10 include FAT, FAT32 and exFAT. |
| Master Boot Record (MBR) | The Master Boot Record exists at the very first sector of hard disk. It contains code to start the load process for an operating system from a partition or volume on the disk |
| mount point An empty folder in an NTFS-formatted file system that is used to point to another FAT, FAT32, or NTFS partition. | |
| New Technology File System (NTFS) | A file system introduced with Windows NT. NTFS supports advanced features to add reliability, security, and flexibility that file systems such as FAT and FAT32 do not have. |
| partition table | A data structure contained in the MBR that is used to identify reserved areas of disk space for hard disks formatted for x86 computers. |
| Resilient File System (ReFS) | A file system introduced with Windows Server 2012 that supports basic NTFS-like features and self-healing technology for resilient bulk file storage when used together with Storage Spaces technology. |
| storage pool | A logical collection of disks that have been allocated to Storage Spaces. Disks must be assigned to a storage pool before Storage Spaces can use them. |
| storage space | A virtual disk created from the space made available by a storage pool in Storage Spaces. |
| Storage Spaces | Microsoft’s software-based disk pooling technology that allows for different levels of resiliency to disk failure and provides virtualized volume storage within the disk pool. |
| Thunderbolt | A trade name for a high speed hardware based interface to connect external devices to a computer, co-developed by Apple and Intel |
| virtual hard disk (VHD) | A file that is internally structured to store data like a file system. A VHD can be attached in Windows 10 and the contents accessed like a hard disk. VHDs can be fixed size or dynamically expanding. For Windows 10, they can also be VHD or VHDX format. |
| volume | A term used to refer to a region of disk space reserved to store file data. The term is used to generically refer to both dynamic disk volumes and basic disk partitions. |
| administrator account | The type of user account that is made a member of the Administrators local group and has full rights to the system. |
| Administrator account | The built-in Windows 10 account that is created during installation and has full rights to the system. This account cannot be deleted or removed by the Administrators group. |
| assigned access | A sign-in option that you can configure for a single local user account that restricts the user to using only an assigned Windows Store app; often used to configure Windows 10 as a kiosk. |
| biometric authentication | Authentication that is based on physical characteristics of the user such as a finger print or facial recognition. |
| built-in local groups | Groups that are automatically created for each Windows 10 computer and stored in the SAM database. |
| cached credentials | Credentials that are stored in Windows 10 after a user has signed in to a domain or Microsoft account. Cached credentials can be used to sign in when a domain controller cannot be contacted or when there is no network connectivity. |
| default profile | The profile that is copied when new user profiles are created. |
| domain-based network | A network where security information is stored centrally in Active Directory. |
| fast user switching | Allows multiple users to have applications running at the same time. However, only one user can be using the console at a time. |
| folder redirection | A feature that redirects profile folders from the local computer to a network location. |
| Guest account | A built-in Windows 10 account with minimal privileges intended to give very limited access to Windows 10. This account is disabled by default. |
| initial account | The account with administrative privileges created during the installation of Windows 10. |
| local user account | A user account that is defined in the SAM database of a Windows 10 computer. Local user accounts are valid only for the local computer. |
| Local Users and Groups MMC snap-in | An MMC snap-in that is used to manage users and groups. |
| mandatory profile | A profile that cannot be changed by users. NTUSER.DAT is renamed to NTUSER.MAN. |
| Microsoft account | An account that is stored online by Microsoft. You can use it to authenticate to multiple Microsoft cloud services and Windows 10. |
| Microsoft Passport | A n multifactor authentication system in Windows 10 that enhances security by avoiding the use of a user name and password. Biometric authentication on the client allows access to the remote system. |
| NTUSER.DAT | The file containing user-specific registry entries in a user profile. |
| pass-through authentication | Automatic authentication to a remote resource when the local computer passes the local credentials to the remote computer. |
| peer-to-peer network | A network where all computers store their own security information and share data. |
| picture password authentication | An authentication method where you trace gestures on a picture. |
| PIN authentication | An authentication method where you enter a device specific PIN rather than a user name and password. |
| public profile | A profile that is merged with all other user profiles. The public profile does not contain an NTUSER.DAT file. |
| roaming profile | A user profile that is stored in a network location and is accessible from multiple computers. Roaming profiles move with users from computer to computer. |
| secure sign-in | Adds the requirement to press Ctrl+Alt+Delete before signing in. |
| Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database | The database used by Windows 10 to store local user and group information. |
| Security Identifier (SID) | A user- or group-specific number that is added to the access control list of a resource when a user or group is assigned access. |
| smart card | A physical card containing a certificate that can be used as an authentication method. |
| standard user account | A type of user account that does not have privileges to modify settings for other users. This type of account is a member of the Users local group. |
| trusted platform module (TPM) | A chip on the motherboard of a computer that is designed to securely store encryption keys and certificates. |
| user account | Required account used for authentication to prove the identity of a person signing in to Windows 10. |
| User Accounts applet | A legacy interface for user management in Control Panel. |
| user profile | A collection of desktop and environment configurations for a specific user or group of users. By default, each user has a separate profile stored in C:\Users. |
| virtual smart card | An authentication method similar to a smart card, but the certificate is stored in a TPM on the motherboard rather than on a physical card. |
| Windows Hello | Biometric authentication functionality in Windows 10. At release Windows Hello supported fingerprints, facial recognition, and iris scanning. |
| account lockout policy | A collection of settings, such as lockout duration, that control account lockouts. |
| application manifest | An XML file that describes the structure of an application, including required DLL files and privilege requirements. |
| AppLocker | A feature in Windows 10 that is used to define which programs are allowed to run. This is a replacement for the software restriction policies found in Windows XP and Windows Vista, but it is not available in Windows 10 Pro. |
| asymmetric encryption algorithm | An encryption algorithm that uses two keys to encrypt and decrypt data. Data encrypted with one key is decrypted by the other key. |
| audit policy | The settings that define which operating system events are audited. |
| auditing | The security process that records the occurrence of specific operating system events in the Security log. |
| BitLocker Drive Encryption | A feature in Windows 10 that can encrypt the operating system partition of a hard drive and protect system files from modification. Other partitions can also be encrypted. |
| BitLocker To Go | A new feature in Windows 10 that allows you to encrypt removable storage. |
| Encrypting File System (EFS) | An encryption technology for individual files and folders that can be enabled by users. |
| Full Volume Encryption Key (FVEK) | The key used to encrypt the Volume Master Key (VMK) when BitLocker Drive Encryption is enabled. |
| hashing algorithm | A one-way encryption algorithm that creates a unique identifier that can be used to determine whether data has been changed. |
| local security policy | A set of security configuration options in Windows 10. These options are used to control user rights, auditing, password settings, and more. |
| malware | Malicious software designed to perform unauthorized acts on your computer. Malware includes viruses, worms, and spyware. |
| password policy | A collection of settings to control password characteristics such as length and complexity. |
| Secedit | A command-line tool that is used to apply, export, or analyze security templates. |
| Security Configuration and Analysis tool | An MMC snap-in that is used to apply, export, or analyze security templates. |
| security template | An .inf file that contains security settings that can be applied to a computer or analyzed against a computer’s existing configuration. |
| symmetric encryption algorithm | An encryption algorithm that uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt data. |
| User Account Control (UAC) | A feature in Windows 10 that elevates user privileges only when required. |
| Volume Master Key (VMK) | The key used to encrypt hard drive data when BitLocker Drive Encryption is enabled. |
| Windows Defender | Antimalware software included with Windows 10. |
Created by:
Leisac
Popular Computers sets