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3150 - Module #1

Introduction/Background

QuestionAnswer
What is the definition of a computer? It's a collection of interconnected components in order to perform a well defined function. The function of the computer is a mapping of the input data to the output data: F: A -> B.
What are the interconnected components of a computer? It's made up of 5 components. The input unit, output unit, and memory unit are the first three. Then the central processing unit (CPU) contains the last two: the control unit (CU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
What does the input unit of the computer do? it's an interface between the outside world and the internal parts. It performs two tasks: transmission and translation of information.
What does the output unit of the computer do? It's an interface between the internal parts and the outside world. It performs transmission and translation of information just like the input unit.
What does the memory unit of the computer do? It acts as storage. It stores the instructions, data, intermediate, and final results.
What does the central processing unit of the computer do? It interprets the instructions and initiates their executions. It also performs arithmetic and logical operations on the data.
What are the four different levels a computer can be studied at? They are the electronic, logic, programming, and system levels.
How do you convert a number from base R to base Q? Convert the number from base R to base 10 (decimal). Then, you convert the decimal number to base Q. Base R to decimal is done by summing the positional weights, and decimal from base Q is done by repeated division.
How do you convert a decimal fraction to base R? This is done by iterative multiplication of fractions by base R and recording the integer parts.
How do you convert a fraction from base R to decimal fraction? This is done by summing the multiplications of the positional weights in base R.
What's the minimum number of arithmetic operations needed to carry out all arithmetic operations? This would be negation and addition. This is because multiplication is a sequence of additions, subtraction is the complement/negation, and division is a sequence of subtractions.
What's the minimum number of logic operations needed to carry out all logic operations? This would be either AND and NOT or OR and NOT because of DeMorgan's Law. You would not need both, only one pair or the other.
What's the definition of 2s complement of a binary number? The 2s complement of a binary number, A, is a binary number, A~, such that if added to A the result will be all 0s with a carry out.
What's the definition of 1s complement of a binary number? The 1s complement of a binary number, A, is a binary number, A', such that if added to A the result will be all 1s with no carry out.
What's the 16s complement of '0345'? Explain your answer. The 16s complement of '0345' is 'FCBB'. Thinking logically, if you added these two numbers, then the answer would be all 0s.
What are the universal functions? Why is this the case? NAND and NOR are called universal functions since with either one we can generate AND, OR, and NOT gates.
What is primary memory? It is also called main memory. It's a volatile/nonvolatile memory that holds the program and intermediate data during the course of a program execution.
What is secondary memory? It's a nonvolatile memory that's used to hold the program and data between runs.
What is the definition of translation (in regards to the input/output units)? Translation is to change information from one form of representation to another without changing the meaning.
What is the definition of transmission (in regards to the input/output units)? Transmission is the act of sending information from one location and the receiving of the same information in another location.
What's the time delay of a parallel/ripple adder? Explain your answer. 2(n - 1)△T + 4△T The 4△T exists because a and b take 2△T each, and they don't depend on the carry in before so they're done simultaneously. The 2(n - 1)△T is the delay of the carry bit, and the (n - 1) is because there's no delay on the first adder.
What's the time delay of a half adder? 2△T
What to practice? Know: conversions from all bases, homework #1, past tests, diagram on slide 12, diagram of the half adder and parallel adders.
What's the time delay of a full adder? 4△T
Created by: bmcisme
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