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Cell Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cells vary in _ and _ and perform _ functions. | Size, shape, different |
| Sex cells (gametes) divide by a process of _. | Meiosis |
| An insufficient amount of tissue fluid results in _. | Dehydration |
| Organs and other body parts joined together to perform a particular function is called _. | System |
| Embryonic stem cells have the ability to transform themselves into _. | Specialized cells |
| The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work is _. | Physiology |
| The part of a cell that condenses to form chromosomes during cell reproduction is the _. | Chromatin |
| A stack of membrane layers that produces, stores, and packages secretions for discharge from the cell is the _. | Golgi apparatus |
| The site for all chemical reactions that take place in the cell | Cytoplasm |
| Pocketlike folds in the cell membrane that allow large molecules to enter the cell | Pinocytic vesicles |
| The area where ribosomes are manufactured in the cell. | Nucleolus |
| The structures that contain digestive enzymes to digest and destroy old cells | Lysosomes |
| Pouch-like structures that are found throughout the cytoplasm and filled with a watery substance, stored food, or waste products | Vacuoles |
| The four main groups of tissues | Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue. |
| The tissue that produces power and movement in the body | Muscle Tissue |
| The tissue that lines the intestinal and respiratory tracts and forms body glands | Epithelial tissue |
| Basic unit of structure and function in all living things | Cells |
| Outer protective covering of a cell | Cell membrane |
| Study of form and structure of an organism | Anatomy |
| Controls many cell activities | Nucleus |
| Furnaces or powerhouses of the cell | Mitochondria |
| Semi-fluid inside the cell | Cytoplasm |
| Located inside the nucleus and important in cell reproduction. | Nucleolus |
| Tissues joined together for a particular function | Organs |
| Cells of the same type joined together for a common purpose. | Tissue |
| Study of how disease occurs | Pathophysiology |
| What are Induced pluripotent cells? | Induced pluripotent cells are adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state by being forced to express genes and factors important for maintaining the defining properties of embryonic stem cells. |
| What are Undifferentiated cells? | Undifferentiated cells are cells that have yet to develop into a specific cell variant. It’s the basic cell that all other cells come from. The first few cells in an embryo are considered to be undifferentiated. |
| Be able to explain why the use of stem cells is so controversial and why some people are for it and others against it. | Stem cells may inflict damage on the long run whereas it also may have regenerative properties. |
| Know about the cytologist career | The cytologist examines the body to detect any abnormalities in the hormones. They carefully observe cell samples to detect abnormalities in its color, shape, or size of cellular components and patterns. |
| Centrosome | Located in the cytoplasm and near the nucleus, it contains two centrioles that divide and attach to chromosomes. |
| Connective tissue | The supporting fabric of organs and other body parts. |
| Cytoplasm | A semifluid inside the cell but outside the nucleus contain gin water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, and salts. Cellular respiration occurs there. |
| Edema | An excess amount of tissue fluid and the tissue starts swelling up. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | A fine network of tubular structures located in the cytoplasm. This network allows the transportation of materials into and out of the nucleus which aids in the synthesis an storage of proteins. |
| Genes | The structures that carry inherited characteristics. Each gene is unique and has a specific sequence of about 1,000 base pairs of DNA |
| Genome | The total mass of genetic instruction humans inherit from their parents. It consists of strings of DNA nucleotides. It provides instructions for the body to build all its parts from permanent structures such as teeth and brain cells. |
| Golgi apparatus | A stack of membrane layers located in the cytoplasm. This structure produces, stores, and packages secretions for discharge from the cell. It appears in salivary cells, gastric cells, and pancreatic gland. |
| Lysosomes | Oval or round bodies found throughout the cytoplasm they contain digestive enzymes that digest and eliminate old cells, bacteria, and foreign materials, an important function of the body's immune system. |
| Mitosis | Dividing a cell into two identical cells. A form of asexual reproduction. Skin cells, blood forming cells, and intestinal tract cells reproduce continuously. |
| Nerve Tissue | Made up of special cells known as neurons. It controls and coordinates body activities by transmitting messages throughout the body. |
| Organelles | A cell structure that helps a cell to function. |
| Protoplasm | The basic structure of all life. |
| Stem cells | Have the ability to transform themselves into any of the body's specialized cells and perform many different functions. |
Created by:
NataliaO
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