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Clade Xenarthra
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Myrmecophagous | Insect eating, especially ants/termites. |
| Xenarthra Teeth | Reduced/edentulate. Complete loss of canines and incisors. Cheekteeth (if present) are single-rooted and without enamel. |
| The coronoid process of the mandible is _______. | Reduced. It is associated with chewing. |
| Hyoid bones/muscles _______. | Enlarged. It is associated with the tongue. |
| Stomachs are simple with a thick, often keratinized _______ to help digest. | Pyloric region |
| Family Megalonynchidae, Bradipodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Cyclopedidae | Order Pilosa |
| 2-Toed Sloths | Family Megalonynchidae |
| Unlike 3-toed sloths, 2-toed sloths do/don't exhibit seasonal breeding. | 2-toed sloths don't exhibit seasonal breeding. |
| Caniniform | Canine-shaped premolars. Characteristic to 2-toed sloths. |
| 3-Toed Sloths | Family Bradypodidae |
| The teeth of the 3-toed sloth are C, containing a soft dentine core and a harder outer shell. They do not contain enamel. | Cylindrical |
| Anteaters and Tamanduas | Family Myrmecophagidae |
| Pygmy Anteater | Family Cyclopedidae |
| Family Dasypodidae | Order Cingulata |
| Armadillos | Family Dasypodidae |
| Armadillo scales are called _______, which are keratinized epidermal scales. | Schutes |
| Several species of armadillos not only exhibit delayed implantation, but also _______, where several embryos develop from a single zygote. | Monozygotic Polyembryony |
| Family Manidae | Order Pholidota |
| Pangolins | Family Manidae |
| Pangolins are both excellent diggers and climbers, relying on _______ to locate termites/ants. | Scent |
| Family Orycteropodidae | Order Tubulidentata |
| Aardvarks | Family Orycteropodidae |
| Unlike most Xenarthrians, _______ use its many cheekteeth to chew its food. | Aardvarks |