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Rama the Steadfast
for our LIT 127.1 Quiz #2!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ramayana belongs in what diverse category of early literature: | anonymous |
| The term "epic" can justifiably be applied only to which text: Mahabharata or Ramayana (in its later developed form)? | Ramayana |
| Ramayana, in terms of Western literary terms, can be classified as __________. | heroic romance |
| The Prince was supported in his adventures by his squire who is also his: | younger brother |
| Ramayana is the Prince's struggle of ______ and _______. | integrity and happiness |
| Ramayana is a struggle of how many men? | one man |
| Ramayana, in Indian tradition, is an ________. | adikavya |
| Adikavya means | "the first poetic work" or "the first work or pure literature" |
| Mahabharata, in Indian tradition, is an ______. | itihasa |
| Itihasa means | "thus indeed this was" or "history" |
| A copy of Rama’s story is kept in an _________. | honored place |
| The presence of a Mahabharata text is regarded as ________. | unlucky |
| It is a form of popular dramatic presentation analogous to the Western medieval mystery plays. | Ramlila |
| The _____ story has been in a constant state of re-creation. | Rama story |
| Rama is what part of the varna. | Ksatriya (aristocratic warrior) |
| Rama is an ________ of Vishnu. | avatara |
| The author might be a male or female? | Male |
| The author might have lived in central ______. | Ganga basin/Ganges |
| What is the effective limit of the poets’ knowledge at this time? | Vindhyas - the east-west chain of mountains dividing northern India off from the peninsula |
| Women have lesser or greater freedom in this text. | Greater (although superficially) |
| Messages in these times are relayed ______________. | orally |
| Recognition tokens work as to confirm a messenger's ______. | credentials |
| The plant with the greatest prestige. | Lotus |
| Beautiful faces: _______; eyes: ______. | lotus; lotus petals (in shape) |
| Growth from the slime of the pond and its flowers' ability to shed water: _________________. | triumph of purity over impurity |
| Rama fought with horse-drawn chariots, or on foot? | on foot |
| Rama is eventually supplied with horse-drawn chariots by ________ to fight his enemy in nearly equal terms. | supernatural means |
| Religious patterns of early Ramayana: _______ that are based on sacrifice leading to __________. | older pattern of deities and of rituals; heaven |
| Ramayana's patterns are not the newer patterns of _______, leading to _______. | worship; liberation (moksa) |
| Gods mentioned here are those of _______ pantheon. | Vedic |
| Leader of the gods and the performer of various heroic deed. | Indra |
| King of the Dead | Yama |
| Lord of the Ocean | Varuna |
| Hermits that continue to practice simple rituals and accompanied by their wives | vanaprastha |
| Renunciant ascetics who have abandoned all links with society | samnyasins |
| The poet speaks a distinct dialect of ______. | Sanskrit |
| The poet seems to be of what varna. | ksatriya |
| The old pattern of worship untouched by heterodox trends will soon result in the emergence of ___________. | Buddhism and Jainism |
| Does the poet know Mahabharata or not? | No |
| Eulogies of heroes and cycle of stories about warrior exploits are composed by _________. | Bards (sutas) |
| Sutas were attached to the courts of ____________ and recited glorious deeds of their lords for ____________. | chieftains; entertainment |
| Sutas had first-hand experience of the kind of events they described. True or false? | True |
| Sutas acted as charioteers to their masters. True or false? | True |
| Parallelism of structure: parallelism of _____ | theme |
| The standard narrative metre | sloka |
| Four of these comprise the standard narrative metre and are non-rhyming verses | padas (quarters) |
| Padas have how many syllables each, and are grouped in what? | 8 and in pairs |
| Verses are grouped into what units that vary in length | sargas |
| sargas are grouped into this unit that varies between about sixty and a hundred sargas long | kandas (books) |
| In Ramayana's fully developed form, the poem comprises of how many kandas. | 7 |
| The use of _______ conforms to the pattern common in oral, improvised poetry which also helps the reciter in remembering his/her lines. | formulae (standard phrases) |
| Symbolic of the forces of power, swiftness, and destruction | elephants |
| Symbols of strength and are formulae to express the idea of excellence | bulls, elephants, tigers (BET) |
| Symbol that is usually given a degree of personality or even deified | mountain |
| Symbol that is usually towering, black, fearful monsoon thunderclouds with torrential often destructive, rain | cloud |
| word for "ten millions" | Crore |
| Other name for Raksasas (monsters) | Paulastyas |
| Army of monkeys | Vanaras |
| king of Ayodhya | Dasaratha (also called Kakutstha, the Raghava, the Maharaja (KaRaMa)) |
| senior queen to Dasaratha; mother of Rama | Kausalya |
| junior queen to Dasaratha; mother of Bharata; daughter of King Asvapati of Kekaya. | Kaikeyi |
| junior queen to Dasaratha; mother of Laksmana and Satrughna | Sumitra |
| son of Dasaratha and Kausalya; husband of Sita | Rama (also called Dasarathi, pride of the Iksvakus, Kakutstha, pride of the Raghus, the Raghava) |
| wife of Rama; daughter of King Janaka of Mithila | Sita (also called Janaki, Maithili, Vaidehi) |
| elder son of Dasaratha and Sumitra; Rama’s companion | Laksmana (also called Dasarathi, Saumitri, Kakutstha, pride of the Raghus, the Raghava) |
| son of Dasaratha and Kaikeyi | Bharata (also called Kaikeyi’s son, pride of the Iksvakus, Kakutstha, the Raghava) |
| younger son of Dasaratha and Sumitra; Bharata’s companion | Satrughna |
| charioteer to Dasaratha | Sumantra |
| king of Kiskindha; husband of Ruma | Sugriva |
| elder brother of Sugriva; husband of Tara; father of Angada | Valin |
| son of Valin and Tara | Angada |
| wife of Valin; daughter of Susena; mother of Angada | Tara |
| monkey captain; Kesarin’s eldest son; celebrated as a Son of the Wind | Hanuman |
| king of Lanka; son of Visravas | Ravana (also called Dasagriva) |
| four of Ravana’s full brothers | Dusana, Khara, Kumbhakarna, Vibhisana (DuKhaKumVi) |
| Ravana and his brothers' sister | Surpanakha |
| their dispossessed elder half-brother | Vaisravana (also called Naravahana, Kubera) |
| wife of Ravana | Mandodari |
| son of Ravana | Indrajit (also called Ravani) |
| The conditions of the boon: _________ years I am to live in _________ forest and my father has to install her [Kaikeyi's] ________ as Young King". | 14; Bharata |
| The story of Dasaratha's ancestor: ______ disinherited his eldest son ________, who was mad. | Sagara; Asmanja |
| _________ was the aged minister who explained the full narrative of Sagara and Asmañja. | Siddharta |
| Rama and company FIRST reach the bank of ________. | Tamasa |
| What is the next stop after the bank of Tamasa? | Ganga |
| In Ganga, Rama and company met ________, the chief of ______ tribe and friend of Rama. | Guha; Nisada |
| What is the first hermitage? | Bharadvaja's hermitage |
| Bharadvaja would tell about _______, a mountain that would be their FIRST home. | Citrakuta |
| Notable imagery in Bharata's dream of his father. | sesame oil, and a chariot being drawn by donkeys |
| The hunchback who caused Rama to be sent to the forest. | Manthara |
| Word for "the first born son is the heir" | Primogeniture |
| The sage in the story. | Vasistha |
| Symbolic gesture conferring sovereignty: _______ having Rama place his feet on gold-ornamented ________. | Bharata; sandals |
| Rama moves, and meets another sage _______ and his wife, _______. | Atri; Anasuya |
| A group of sages ask Rama to save them from ___________, | raksasas |
| Twice-born refers to | sages |
| Second hermitage | Sutiksna's hermitage |
| Third hermitage | Agatsya (holiest of sages) |
| Agatsya suggested a new home for Rama in | Pancavati |
| Sister to Ravana that lusts after Rama | Surpanakha |
| Brother to Ravana | Khara |
| Khara's general | Dusana |
| Residence of Ravana brothers | Janasthana |
| a raksasa general in Khara's army | Trisiras |
| a raksasa wearing the garments of an ascetic | Marica |
| the golden deer who lures Rama away | Marica |
| King of Vultures | Jatayus |
| a raksasa with no head or neck but a face in his belly; cursed to have this form | Kabandha |
| Fourth hermitage | Sabari's hermitage, the Perfected Woman |
| In Kiskindha, _______ and ___________ enter. | Sugriva; Hanuman |
| ______ dies in Kiskindha. | Valin |
| son of Valin | Angada |
| ________ nearly forgets his promise | Sugriva |
| guardian of Hema's residence | Svayamprabha |
| the cave Hanuman and his troops stumble | Hema's residence |
| Jatayus' brother with burnt wings and also reveals the location of Ravana | Sampati |
| In Beauty, Hanuman leaps to _______ | Lanka |
| Hanuman gives Rama ____________ | the Peerless Pearl of Sita |
| In Beauty, Hanuman meets _______ | Sita |
| In war, ___________ takes refuge with Rama. | Vibhisana |
| the son of Visvakarman and is permitted by the Ocean to build a causeway to Lanka | Nala |
| the father of Tara | Susena |
| the sacred plant that frees from pain | Visalya |
| Two mountain herbs: _______ the divine, and the ________ god created | Samjivakarani; Visalya |
| son of their Vinata | Garuda |
| Indrajit is slain by _________ | Laksamana |
| charioteer of Indra | Matali |
| The god and their aspects: _____: fervor | Agni |
| The god and their aspects: _____: heroism | Indra |
| The god and their aspects: _____:gentleness | Soma |
| The god and their aspects: _____:compulsion | Yama |
| The god and their aspects: _____: mercy | Varuna |
| son of Indra | Valin |
| a raksasa who is an expert in powerful magic | Vidyujjihava |
| king of bears | Jambavan |
| the monkey | Sarabha |
| Susena's heirs: __________ and _________ | Mainda and Dvivida |
| Vinata's son; king of Birds | Garuda |
| Kumbhakarma's son | Nikumbha |
| son of Khara | Makaraksa |
| charioteer of Indra | Matali |
| First Kanda | Bala Kanda |
| Second Kanda | Ayodhya Kanda |
| Third and Forest Kanda | Aranya Kanda |
| Fourth Kanda and the Kingdom of Monkeys | Kiskindha Kanda |
| Fifth and Beauty Kanda | Sundara Kanda |
| Sixth and War Kanda | Yuddha Kanda |
| Seventh Kanda | Uttara Kanda |
| Writer of Ramayana; the "first poet" | Valmiki |
| # of verses of Ramayana | 24,000 |
| the "original poem" | Ramayana |
| Ramayana is a response to Valmiki's question about who in the world is a perfect man. True or false? | True |
| __________ outlines the story of the hero Rama, whose wife was abducted by a demon king. | Narada |
| Brooding on the sad tale, Valmiki goes for a walk along the banks of the ________ and sees a pair of _____. | Tamasa River; herons |
| Valmiki was moved to intense compassion by grief and uttered inspired words in lyric verse, in the form of a ______. | couplet (the beginning of sloka) |
| Ramayana blends historical _____, nature _______, morality __________, and religious _______. | saga, myth, tale, mythology |
| Ramayana is associated with the line of _____ kings who ruled the kingdom of Kosala in the Ganges Valley. | Iksvaku |
| Kandas that form a frame or the central narrative, introducing and completeing the story of Rama as a divine incarnation or avatara | Bala and Uttara |
| Rama is an ________ of Visnu | Avatara |
| Boook _ to _ were formed by legends surrounding the Iksvaku royal house and the adventures of Rama | 2 to 6 |
| king of Raksasas who obtained a boon (gift) of invulnerability to gods and other superhuman beings who combat him | Ravana |
| evil demons who continually threaten dharma in the world | Raksasas |
| The gods persuade ______, the great god whose function is to preserve dharma in the universe, to incarnate himself as a man to destroy Ravana | Visnu |
| the paragon of princely virtues | senior queen Kausalya |
| sons born at the same time to Dasaratha’s two younger queens that share in Visnu's divine essence | Bharata, and twins Laksamana and Satrughna |
| As youths, Rama and Laksamana travel to ______ | Mithila |
| Rama wins the princess Sita by besting other suitors in a contest to bend a ___________ | magical bow |
| What does "Sita" mean? | furrow |
| the daughter of goddess Earth, but has been brought up by King Janaka | Sita |
| Kanda that centers on Prince Rama's disinheritance | Ayodhya (2nd) |
| got jealous which was aroused by the counsel of a hunchback maidservant | Queen Kaikeyi |
| Queen Kaikeyi wants to place her own son, ______, on the throne | Bharata |
| # of years Queen Kaikeyi wants Rama to spend in exile in the forest | 14 |
| The King owes Queen Kaikeyi____ favors of her choice because of a promise he made to her in the past | 2 |
| In his exile and Bharata becoming king, Rama is voluntarily joined by ___ and __________ | Sita and Laksamana |
| The king dies of a ________ | broken heart |
| Rama puts to rout the____ that infest the forest and Ravana vows revenge | raksasas |
| Ravana uses a _______ to lure Rama and Laksamana away from their forest home | magic deer |
| Ravana kidnaps _____ in his flying chariot | Sita |
| Rama forms an alliance with the monkey chief, _______ | Sugriva |
| Sugriva helps finding Sita by sending out a horde of monkeys because Rama helped kill his powerful brother ______ who unfairly seized his kingdom | Vali |
| _______, powerful ape whose father is the wind god, goes to the island kingdom of _____ and finds Sita to be a prisoner in Ravana’s pleasure grove | Hanuman; Lanka |
| Hanuman consoles her, wreaks havoc in Lanka, returns to report to Rama, builds a _____, and then leads a monkey army to attack Ravana’s rich city | bridge |
| Rama kills ___ and liberates Sita | Ravana |
| Sita proves her chastity in ordeal by _______ | fire |
| the hero returns with her and Laksamana to ______ where he is crowned | Ayodhya |
| King Rama abandons Sita to a life in the forest because of a public scandal concerning her chastity during her captivity. True or false? | True |
| Sita takes refuge in the hermitage of the poet sage ______ on a bank of the Ganges river | Valmiki |
| Sita gives birth to Rama's twin sons: _____ and ____ | Lava; Kusa |
| Twins learn the saga of Rama and then sing in their father’s court and Rama doesn't ask Sita to come back to him on hearing the story. True or false? | False (he asks Sita to come back) |
| Rama continues his rule until it is time for him to end his incarnation as a mortal. True or false? | True |
| Throughout the drama of Ayodhya, Rama teaches the ways of right action according to _______. | dharma |
| In accepting his exile, it is an act honoring dharma and therefore of cosmic significant and requiring the highest moral courage. True or False? | True |
| It is precisely Rama’s act of ________ that makes him fit for kinship. | sannyasa (renunciation) |
| In the broader context of Indian civilization only Rama’s heroism combines the strong sense of ____ and _______ to social responsibility demanded of the ideal king. | duty; dedication |
| Famous person whose personal hero is Rama. | Mahatma Gandhi |
| Sita’s role as the exemplar for women is focused solely on her conduct as ___. | wife |
| the magical bow to be bent in order to win Sita's hand in marriage is of whose lord | |
| Shiva | |
| Agastya gave Rama this weapon: ________. | Bows of Lord Visnu and quiver that will never run out of arrows |
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