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Cryptography Basics

Crytography Basics

QuestionAnswer
Caeser Cipher (Substitution Cipher) Simple Substitution, Shift Characters 3 spaces, A=D, B=E, C=F...etc, Substitution Ciphers are subject to pattern analysis
Scytale Spartans used to communicate messages to generals in the fields, Wrapped tape around a rod, Diameter of the rod is the pre-agreed upon secret(key)
Vignere First polyalphabetic ciper, Key work is agreed upon ahead of time, first letter of the key is matched up against first letter of the message, and so on.
Vernam One Time Pad, Only mathematically unbreakable form of cryptography, key only used once, Pad as long a s message, unpredictable. Key Pad must be delivered and stored securely
Enigma Machine and Purple Machine Used by the Germans and Japanese in WWII, Breaking the cryptography of these devices is credited with reducing the length of the war.
Running Key Cypher Encryption Key is as long as the message itself and is often chosen from a common book.
Transposition Cipher Use an encryption algorithm to rearrange the letters of a plaintesxt message, forming the ciphertext message
Block Cipher Operates on chunks of a message and apply the encryption algorithm to an entire message block at the same time.
Stream Cipher Operates on one character or bit of a message at a time.
Confusion When the relationship between the plaintext and the key is so complicated that the attacker can't continue altering the plaintext and analyzing the resulting ciphertext to determine the key.
Diffusion When a change in plaintext results in multiple changes spread throughout the ciphertext.
Data Encryption Standard 64-bit block cipher that has 5 modes of operation. Uses 16 rounds of XOR operations to generate the ciphertext.
Created by: Dks0512
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