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Genetic Terminology

TermDefinition
Heredity passing of genes from parent to offspring
chromosome genetic material contained within a cell
gene a section of a chromosome that is passed from parents to offspring
genotype the genetic makeup of an organism or cell
phenotype the physical appearance/makeup of an organism
true breed plants that create genetically identical offspring
hybrid offspring of true breeds
dominant trait a gene that all offspring will express if ONE parent passes it along
recessive trait a gene that offspring will express ONLY if BOTH parents pass it along
codominance where both traits are present (expressed)
incomplete dominance when both traits are blended to get a new trait
punnett squares used to determine the genotype and phenotypes of offspring for a given set of parents
allele a pair of genes within a chromosome (TT, Tt, tt)
homozygous both alleles are the SAME for each parent (TT or tt)
heterozygous alleles are DIFFERENT for each parent (Tt)
Created by: kubrichh
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