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HPIP
Terms and Concepts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Thermal Energy | Is always transferred from warmer to cooler |
| Heat Transfer | In the insulation business, concern is with how heat is transferred through walls and ceilings |
| Radiation | Transfers thermal energy across an open area via electromagnetic waves |
| Conduction | The transfer of heat by direct contact within or between materials |
| Good insulators | Have low thermal conductivity |
| Poor insulators | Have high thermal conductivity |
| R-Value | Resistance to thermal conductivity |
| Convection | Transfer of heat via movement of currents in a fluid |
| Air | Is fluid, it has no shape and tends to flow and conform to its contained space |
| Warm Air | Rises and displaces cooler air downward |
| Conduction and Convection | Are the main modes of heat transfer we can do something about by reducing the amount of heat conduction through the insulation material and insulating in ways that minimize convection within the insulated space |
| Thermal Envelope | Defines the area where air will be heated or cooled |
| Moisture | Can come from outside inside (bathrooms, kitchens, laundry areas, rain, snow, humidity). Moves from wet to dry, supports mold and mildew, and can damage the structure |
| Condensation | Occurs when the vapor comes into contact with a surface that is colder than its dew point |
| Vapor Retarder | "Vapor barrier" --may be used to control the movement of moisture through the wall |
| Permeability (permeance) | The ability of a material to allow water vapor to pass through |
| Higher Perm Value | More vapor passes through |
| Lower Perm Value | Less vapor passes through |
| Sound transmission | Insulating space between rooms - walls, floor, or ceiling - reduces sound transmission |
| Sound Attenuation | Best if the space between the interior walls can be completely filled with insulation |
| Void Space | It is critical that all void space be completely filled with insulation in order to get the best possible noise attenuation |
| Sound Transmission Class (STC) | Single number rating based on sound transmission loss measurement of partition between adjacent closed rooms. Incorporates entire range of frequencies people hear (500 - 2,000 Hz) |
| Transmission Loss (TL) | Measures sound performance of a wall at one specific sound frequency (in decibels). Measurements are the basis for the STC rating value: higher STC & TL values indicate better sound control capabilities |