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Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Ti Plasmid "tumor inducing" that naturally occurs in the bacterium A. tumefaciens. Cells are removed.
Electroporation a brief jolt of electricity opens transient holes
Microinjection using a microscopic needle
Particle Bombardment gun like device shoots tiny metal particles, usually gold or tungsten, coated with foreign DNA
Transplastomics targets genes in the chloroplast because they have their own DNA
1 advantage to Transplastomics can give high yields of protein products
1 disadvantage to Transplastomics difficult to find vectors
Rhizosection adding a transgene attached to a piece of DNA that stimulates secretion from roots into a liquid medium - used to create drugs in a method that is easier to extract
Bioremedation uses bacteria or plants with greens that produce the ability to detoxify certain pollutants
Agriculture Biotechnology altering DNA, organelles, or cells of organisms that we use for a variety purposes
Transgenic organisms formed with the host bacteria and an added gene
Artificial Seeds an embryo grown in a cell is combined with nutrients and hormones and encased in a gel like substance (callus)
Somaclonal Variation a mutant somatic cell is part of a callus grows into a plant with a new trait.
3 Steps in Biotechnology 1. Identify and breed an interesting trait. 2. Then test the new varieties in various habitats and seasons to determine the best growth conditions. 3. Seeds are distributed by growers.
Chlybridization a chloroplast is introduced into a cell liposome
Clonal Propagation cells are cultured and grown into genetically identical plants
Cybridization cells are fused, and the nucleus of one is destroyed by radiation
Mibridization a mitochondrian is introduced into a cell liposome
Mutant Selection cells in a culture are exposed to toxin, resistant surviving cells are used
Protoplast Fusion two cells from different species have their cell walls removed and are fused, a hybrid is regenerated
Created by: mchar
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