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Ch 28
Reproductive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what does the Male Reproductive system consist of? | Organs include: testes, ductus deferenes, epididymis, ejaculatory ducts, urethra seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, scrotum and penis. |
| what is Parasympathetic innervation ? | an erection is brought about; leading to vasodilation of arterioles in erectile tissue (s2, 3, 4, keeps the penis off the floor) |
| what is Sympathetic stimulation? | ejaculation is the powerful release of semen; the bulbospongiosus, ischiovacernosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles contact to force the semen out |
| a mature (graafian) follicle is? | ready to rupture and expel the secondary oocyes |
| describe corpus luteum | develops after ovulation when the empty follicle produces progesterone, estrogens, inhibin and relaxin |
| what is the uterus part of? | the pathway for sperm deposited in the vagina to reach the uterine tube |
| what is the site of implantation | the fertilized ovum development of the fetus during pregnancy and labor |
| what is the top of the uterus? | fundus |
| what is the central portion called? | the body |
| the inferior extension to the vagina | cervix |
| isthmus is between what? | the body and the cervix |
| the interior of the body is | uterine cavity |
| the interior of the cervix is | cervical canal |
| the opening of the canal into the uterus is the | internal os |
| the opening of the canal into the vagina | external os |
| how many layers is the uterus? | 3 layers |
| uterus middle layer | myometrium |
| uterus outer most layer | perimetrium |
| the inner later of the uterus | endometrium |
| what layer is shed each month? | stratum functionalis later |
| what layer is permanent and gives rise to a new stratum functionalis after each menstruation | stratum basalis |
| what does the vulva refer to? | external genitalia of the female |
| what does the external genitalia include? | mons pubis, labia minora, labia majora, clitoris, vestibule |
| what does prolactin stimulate? | milk production in the lactiferous gland |
| smooth muscle contraction in the lactiferous glands and ducts to deliver milk to the nursing baby | oxytocin |
| what do non pregnant females experience? | cyclical changes in the ovaries and uterus |
| how long does each cycle take? | one month |
| what does the cycle involve? | oogenesis and preparation by the uterus to receive a fertilized ovum |
| ovarian cycle | includes changes that occur during the after maturation of the oocyte |
| uterine cycle | involves changes in the endometrium that prepare for implantation of the developing embryo |
| what can the female reproductive cycle be disrupted by? | weight loss, low body weight, disordered eating and or vigorous physical activity |
| what constitutes the females athletic triad | disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis constitute |
| what is the absence of menstruation | amenorrhea |
| what component of the female external genitalia corresponds to the male | clitorus |
| weight fluctuation and excessive physical activity decreases what? | hypothalamic secretion of gonadotropin- releasing hormone |
| what decreased secretion of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland | failure of the ovarian follicles to develop |
| what does leptin signal? | hypothalamus as to the level of energy reserves in adipose tissue |
| low adipose results in | low leptin which may then decrease GnRH |
Created by:
Maguiar
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