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HROB 101 Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Trust is rooted in three different factors. What are they? | Disposition-based, cognition-based, affect-based |
| What is trust defined as? | The willingness to be vulnerable to a trustee based on positive expectations about the trustee’s actions and intentions. |
| What are the three dimensions of trustworthiness? | Ability, benevolence, integrity |
| Employees judge the fairness of an authority’s decision making along what four dimensions? | Distributive justice, procedural justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice. |
| What is whistle-blowing? | Former or current employees expose illegal or immoral actions by their organization |
| What are the four components of Ethical Decision Making? | Moral awareness, moral judgment, moral intent, and ethical behavior. |
| What is learning? | Learning reflects relatively permanent changes in an employee’s knowledge or skill that result from experience. |
| What are two basic types of knowledge? | Explicit knowledge and Tacit knowledge. |
| What are the methods that employee’s learn in their company? | Reinforcement, observation, and experience. |
| What is the best type of decision to make in a crisis situation? | Intuition based decision |
| What does the term bounded rationality mean? | Decision makers do not have the ability or resources to make an optimal decision |
| How strong is the effect of learning on organizational commitment? | Weak |
| What does letter A stand for in the “CANOE” acronym? | Agreeableness |
| Which personality dimension is easiest to judge when you first meet someone? | Extraversion |
| What is neuroticism strongly related to? | Locus of Control |
| Which model’s central premise is that employees will have more career satisfaction in occupations that match their personality type? | RIASEC |
| What does the principle situational strength suggest? | Strong situations have clear expectations, incentives, or instructions that make differences between individuals less important, while weak situations lack those cues |
| What is the most important aspect of a society? | Culture |
| What are the three dimensions of trustworthiness? | ability, benevolence, integrity |
| Why are procedural justice rules critical? | Because employment data suggest that gender and race continue to have significant influences on organizational decision making |
| What is the sequence of the four-component model of ethical decision making? | Begins with moral awareness, continuing to moral judgment, then moral intent, and ultimately ethical behavior |
| What happens when trust increases? | Social exchange relationships develop |
| People who are high in __________may be fooled into trusting others who are not worthy of it. | Trust Propensity |
| When employees expose illegal actions by their employer | Whistle blowing |
| What term was reinforcement originally known as? | Operant Conditioning |
| What are the contingencies of reinforcement? | Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Punishment, Extinction(ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| Which is the most single common form of reinforcement schedule? | fixed interval schedule |
| What is the type of knowledge that employees typically learn only through experience? | Tactic Knowledge |
| What is an example of Fixed Interval reinforcement | Paycheck |
| _____________ _______ ________argues that people in organizations have the ability to learn through the observation of others. | Social Learning Theory |
| Decisions that become somewhat automatic because people’s knowledge allows them to recognize and identify a situation and the course of action that needs to be taken. | Programmed Decisions |
| Fairness of treatment by authorities is called | Interpersonal Justice |
| Type of trust that depends on feelings toward the authority that go beyond any rational assessment is called | Affect-based Trust |
| A general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon | Trust Propensity |
| Perspective that acknowledges that the responsibility of a business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and citizenship expectations of society | Corporate Social Responsibility |
| Moral intensity is driven by two general concerns | Potential for harm and Social Pressure |
| One factor that explains the ability of some some people to resist situational pressure and stay true to their moral judgment | Moral Identity |
| What occurs when an unwanted outcome is removed following a desired behavior? | Negative Reinforcement |
| What employees learn typically through experience it’s not easily communicated but could very well be the most important aspect of what we learn in organizations | Tactic Knowledge |
| What reinforces behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited | Fixed Ratio Schedule |
| The tendency for people to base their judgment on information that is easier to recall is: | Projection Bias |
| The tendency to assess the likelihood of an event by comparing it to a similar event and assuming it will be similar is: | Representativeness |
| argues that people have a tendency to judge other’s behavior as due to internal factors: | Fundamental attribution error |
| ______ is defined as the willingness to be vulnerable to a trustee based on positive expectations about the trustee’s actions and intentions. | Trust |
| __________ reflects the perceived fairness of an authority’s decision making. | Justice |
| ________ reflects relatively permanent changes in an employee’s knowledge or skill that result from experience. | Learning |
| ___________ occurs when an unwanted outcome follows an unwanted behavior | Punishment |
| ______________ __________ reflects the perceived fairness of the treatment received by employees from authorities | Interpersonal Justice |
| Explicit knowledge is what employees can typically only learn through experience | False |
| ____________ ________________ occurs when a positive outcome follows a desired behavior | Positive Reinforcement |
| ___________ __________ are decisions that become somewhat automatic because people’s knowledge allows them to recognize and identify a situation and the course of action needed to be taken. | Programmed Decisions |
| What are the two types of knowledge employees learn and become experts in their organizational jobs? | Explicit and Tacit Knowledge |
| Define Internal attribution | Individuals factors such as ability, motivation, or attitudes are to blame |
| Which is not one of the three dimensions of trustworthiness? | Performance |
| According to the the textbook, which country has the highest percentage of “Most people can be trusted” | Sweden |
| Trust is moderately correlated with task performance | True |
| The three dimensions of trust are ability, malevolence, and integrity | False |
| Trust is rooted in three different kinds of factors. Identify one blow. | Disposition-based |
| Justice reflects the degree to which the behaviors of an authority are in accordance with generally accepted moral norms. | False |
| Ben Franklin once noted that this can be cracked as easily as glass or China. What intangible asset is he referring to? | Reputation |
| Moral attentiveness captures the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency. | False |
| Learning reflects relatively permanent changes in an employee’s knowledge or skill that result from experience. | True |
| Learning affects both Job Performance and Organizational Commitment | True |
| Which of the following is not a type of knowledge | Natural Knowledge |
| A situation that is new, complex, and not recognized calls for which type of decision? | Non-programmed Decision |
| What is the fundamental attribution error | A tendency to judge others’ behaviors due to internal factors |
| What is heuristics | Simple, efficient, rules of thumb that allow us to make decisions more easily |
| The dimensions of trustworthiness; ability, benevolence, and integrity, reflect what type of trust driven by the authority’s track record | Cognition-Based Trust |
| What reflects the perceived fairness of an authority’s decision making? | Justice |
| The four-component model of ethical decision making argues that ethical behaviors result from a multistage sequence beginning with _________, continuing on to moral judgment, then to moral intent, and ultimately to ethical behavior. | Moral Awareness |
| What concept captures the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency? | Moral Intensity |
| Trust has a strong positive effect on commitment. If employees are willing to be vulnerable to authorities, what types of commitment do they tend to have in higher levels? | Normative Commitment, and Affective Commitment |
| Which moral principles are the most influential for making moral judgments? | Utilitarianism, Egoism, Ethics of Duties, Ethics of Rights, Virtue Ethics(ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| How many specific consequences are typically used by organizations to modify employee behavior, known as the contingencies of reinforcement? | 4 |
| _________ holds that people identify themselves by the groups to which they belong and perceive and judge others by their group memberships. | Social Identity Theory |
| What’s the correlation between learning and organizational commitment? | Weak and Positive |
| What are the two types of knowledge | Explicit knowledge, Tactic knowledge |
| Selective perception is the tendency for people to see their environment only as it affects them and as it is consistent with their ___________. | Expectations |
| Bounded rationality says we are NOT likely to _______ | Pick the alternative that maximizes value. |
| What trait would generally not be associated with cultural values? | Rude |
| Identify two of the big five traits | Agreeableness, Openness |
| Extroverted people tend to be high in this particular trait | Positive Affectivity |
| _______________is the term for neurotic people who are less likely to believe that they can cope with stressors that they experience | Differential Reactivity |
| The personality test most used by companies such as Best Buy, Toys “R” Us and CVS Pharmacy | Kronos Test |
| What is the key driver of what is referred to as typical performance? | Conscientiousness |
| General cognitive ability is the most popular explanation for the consistency in the levels of different cognitive abilities within people, it is also known as | G-factor, Simply g(BOTH A & B) |
| ________________________ refers to the ability to consider several specific pieces of information and then reach a more general conclusion regarding how those pieces are related | Inductive Reasoning |
| Which trait is an indication of emotional intelligence? | Self-Awareness, Other Awareness(BOTH A & B) |
| Which trait is not an indication of physical ability? | Spatial |
| What intellectual ability has a strong relationship with job performance? | Cognitive Ability |
| The GLAT, a test designed by Google is an acronym for? | Google Labs Aptitude Test |
| What is the dominant taxonomy of personality? | The Big Five |
| What is an example of conscientiousness personality? | I get chores done right away. |
| What are the various types of cognitive ability? | Reasoning Ability, Perceptual Ability(ONLY A & B) |
| What is one of the most commonly used test to hire applicants with high levels of general cognitive ability? | Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test |
| Which of the following is a trait adjective for the Conscientiousness dimension in The Big Five Taxonomy? | Persevering |
| Of the Big Five, which dimension has the stronger effect on task-performance and why? | Conscientiousness, because conscientious employees have higher levels of motivation. |
| What does Other Awareness allows us to do? | To empathize with others and understand their feelings |
| What is the Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test? | A 12-minute test of general cognitive ability that consists of 50 questions |
| Of the various Big Five dimensions, which is easiest to judge in Zero Acquaintance situations? | Extraversion |
| Extraverted employees tend to be high in? | Positive Affectivity |
| The ability to perceive, understand, and recall patterns of information is called? | Perceptual Ability |
| The ability to choose the right action quickly in response to several different signals is called? | Response Orientation |
| A type of ability is? | Cognitive Ability, Emotional Ability, Physical Ability(ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| People with high cognitive ability are more likely to | Have better job performance |
| __________, refers to the ability of a person’s lungs and circulatory system to work efficiently while he or she is engaging in prolonged physical activity. | Stamina |
| The ________________ abilities refer to the capacity to manipulate & control objects. Psychomotor abilities refer to | Psychomotor |
| Many organizations use cognitive ability tests to hire applicants with high levels of general cognitive ability. The most common test used is | Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test |
| All of the following are true about emotional intelligence except | Withdrawal |
| The five personality dimensions: “CANOE” include | Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extroversion |
| A dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation is called | Positive Affectivity |
| Negative affectivity is a dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as | Hostility, Nervous, and Annoyance |
| A system that evaluates individuals on the following four types of preferences: Extraversion, Sensing, Thinking, and Judging, is called | Myers-Briggs Type Indicator |
| One of the most important aspects of societies is culture, which is | Shared values, beliefs, motives, identities, and interpretations that result from experiences of members of a society and are transmitted across generations. |
| What is Faking? | Creating a false persona, Exaggerating Responses to a personality test to acquire a socially desirable result, forging a counterfeit response (ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| The relatively stable capabilities people would perform in a range of different but related activities refers to: | Ability |
| The appraisal and expression of emotions in oneself is called | Self-Awareness |
| Emotion regulation refers to | Being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences |
| What ability involves a person’s lungs and circulatory system to work efficiently while engaging in prolonged physical activity? | Stamina |
| Overall ability is determined by | Intellect, Sense, and Strength |
| General cognitive ability has a strong positive effect on task performance. Which statement most likely describes the relationship of the positive effect between the two: in other words, the correlation? | Cognitive ability has shown to improve job performance on jobs that are complex. |
| Which of the following is a general type of team interdependence? | Task, Goal, Outcome(ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| What factors are involved in team composition? | Member Roles, Personality, Ability, Diversity, and Size (ONLY A & C) |
| What of the following are all included in the five types of teams? | Work, Management, Parallel, Action |
| Which of the following types of team diversity matches its definition? | c) Deep-level diversity: diversity with respect to attributes that are less easy to observe initially but that can be inferred after more direct experience |
| Which team type would fit the examples of: sales team, maintenance team, self-managed work team, production team? | Work Team |
| A team that possesses the highest level of ability relevant to the task will be the most influential on the effectiveness of the team, is what type of task? | Disjunctive Task |
| Which psychomotor ability helps you choose the right action quickly in response to several different signals? | Response Orientation |
| Which of the following are the correct types of cognitive ability? | Verbal ability , quantitative ability , reasoning ability , Spatial ability, and Perceptual ability |
| Which of the following is the correct definition of strength? | The degree to which the body is capable of exerting force |
| What is the correct definition of perceptual ability? | Being able to perceive, understand, and recall patterns of information |
| What kind job characteristics describe dynamic strength? | Climbing ropes or ladders or pull themselves up onto platforms |
| What is the most common test that organizations use to hire applicants to see their level of of general cognitive ability? | Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test |
| What is a work team’s purpose and activities? | Produce Goods or Provide Services |
| What are three of the five aspects of Team Composition? | Member Ability, Member Personality, Team Diversity |
| Which of these defines and makes a team? | All of the Above(The answer is very long) |
| Out of all the different types of teams which one is defined as a team that performs tasks that are normally limited in duration? | Action Team |
| What is Hybrid Outcome Interdependence? | D. Members receive rewards that are dependent on both their teams performance and how well they perform as individuals. |
| What is the correct sequence of a predictable team development sequence? | D. Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning |
| What are the personality dimensions of the Big Five? | b. Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, & Extraversion |
| Of the Big Five _________ & ________ have the biggest influence on job performance | Neuroticism; Conscientiousness |
| True or false, the RIASEC model evaluates individuals on four types of preferences, while the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) uses interests to summarize the six different personality types. | False |
| Geert Hofstede’s five dimensions of cultural values are | Individualism – Collectivism, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity – Femininity, Short-Term vs. Long-Term |
| Employers use integrity tests in the hiring process to measure a potential employees personality. Do these test really work? | No, studies have shown no correlation with counterproductive behaviors at all. |
| What is the definition of personality? | The structures and propensities inside people that explain their characteristic patterns of thought, and what people are like (A & B) |
| Ability refers to the relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities. Which of the following functions contribute to ability | Both genes and the environment |
| Abilities can be grouped into three general categories: cognitive, emotional, and physical. Which ability is not considered a cognitive ability? | Self-Awareness |
| Which emotional ability reflects on the degree to which people can harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they’re seeking to do? | Use of Emotions |
| General cognitive ability has a weak effect on which of the following commitment(s): | Affective Commitment, Continuance Commitment, Normative Commitment(ALL OF THE ABOVE) |
| What specific kinds of emotional skills are identified as emotional intelligence? | Self-awareness, emotion regulation, reasoning and emotion regulation |
| What is the Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test? | All of the Above |
| 7. Name the type of strength that refers to the ability to lift, push or pull very heavy objects using the hands, arms, legs, shoulders or back? | Static Strength |
| Which team type is described as a team that is composed of members from various jobs who provide recommendations to managers about important issues of the organization’s production process? | Parallel Teams |
| Which of the following is not considered to be part of the progression five stage team development? | Committing |
| Which task interdependence requires the lowest degree of coordination, where group members complete their work assignments independently and then the work is simply piled up to represent the group’s output? | Pooled Interdependence |
| Which is not part of the five aspects of team composition? | Individualistic Roles |
| Which of these roles is part of the team – building role? | Encourager |
| 6. Teams with high task interdependence have a moderately positive correlation with team commitment when the involves simple and complex tasks. | False |
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Zylo_08
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