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Bio 361 part 4
sensory receptors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -allow cells to isolate themselves from the environment, this gives them control over their intracellular conditions | |
| lipid bilayer | phospholipids |
| purpose of sphingolipids | alter electrical properties |
| purpose of glycolipids | communication between cells |
| purpose of cholesterol | increases membrane fluidity |
| integral membrane proteins | tightly bound to the membrane, either embedded in bilayer or spanning entire bilayer. Consist of aplha helix passes or beta barrels |
| peripheral proteins | weaker association to the bilayer. May have glycolipid anchor |
| high membrane permeability for these molecules | gases and small uncharged polar molecules |
| some membrane permeability for these molecules | water and urea |
| no membrane permeability for these molecules | ions, large uncharged polar molecules, charged polar molecules |
| Types of membrane protiens | -ATP-powered pump |
| the 3 main types of membrane transport | -passive diffusion....use Gradient-facilitated diffusion...uses transport protiens and gradient-active transport...use ENERGY and transport protiens |
| passive diffusion who and how | -lipid soluble molecules |
| membrane potential | electrical gradient across a cell membrane |
| facilitated diffusion who and how | -hydrophobic molecules (amino acids, nucleosides, sugars) |
| Ion channels | form pores-channel has to be open to work |
| voltage gated ion channels | open in response to change in membrane potential |
| ligand gated ion channels | open in response to binding of specific regulatory molecules |
| mechanically gated ion channels | regulated through interaction with subcellular proteins |
| porins | are like ion channels but for bigger molecules....ex aquaporin for H2O |
| Permeases | function more like enzymes. Bind the substance and then undergoes a confirmation change which causes the carrier to release the substrate on other side....ex glucose permease |
| GLUT1 | -a uniporter of glucose |
| some points on electrical gradients | -all transport processes affect chemical gradients |
| electroneutral carriers | transport uncharged molecules or exchange a equal number of charged particles |
| electrogenic carriers | transfer a charge ex NA+/K+ ATPase |
Created by:
haileyfancher
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