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Computer Science
Paper 2 AQA
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hardware | Hardware is the electronic/physical components of a computer |
| Software | Software Sequences of instructions that run on the computer hardware |
| System Software | Software designed operate the computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software |
| Examples of System Software | Operating system software, Utility programs, Library Programs, Translator software |
| Library programs | A library program is a previously written program routine that has been compiled and Incorporated into future developments; program files which are used by other applications |
| Advantages of Library programs | Previously written program code which can be reused. Reduced development time Reduced debugging time |
| Translator Software | (Compiler, assembler, interpreter) to convert source code into machine code |
| Application Software | Software designed to perform an end user task |
| Types of Software | General Purpose, Bespoke, Special Purpose |
| Bespoke Software | Written to a particular customer requirements |
| Special Purpose software | Carries out a specific task |
| Purpose of an operating system | To hide hardware complexities from the user, Provision of virtual machine, To manage hardware, allocate hardware resources to processes |
| Virtual Machine | The apparent machine that the operating system presents to the user. Achieved by hiding complexities of hardware behind layers of operating system |
| Low Level Language | A language that is very similar to the instruction set of the computer |
| High Level Language | A language that uses words understandable by humans |
| Machine Code | Executable by a processor instruction set |
| Assembly language | Human readable processor instruction set Allows more efficient use of processors instruction set Allows the user to access and address the specific registers and memory locations |
| Imperative High level language | Command driven(procedural or object oriented) such as VB.NET |
| Declarative High level language | A language that uses facts and rules ie SQL |
| Assembler | Translates program code, from assembly code into machine code |
| Compiler | Translates program code, from High level into machine code |
| Interpreter | Resident in memory at the same time as the application program is run. Translates each statement, checks program line by line. If error free, the statement is executed. When error is encountered, program execution is halted. Used when debugging a program |
| Compiler Facts | Produces machine code, Once used the compiler, you did not need the compiler to execute the program nor is source code needed. Compiled code can only be executed on machine with same instruction set. A compiler translates the whole source code at once |
| Interpreter Facts | No machine code produced. Always need an interpreter to interpret source code and execute. Interpreted program where each instruction must be interpreted before it is executed. Interpreted code is portable. Analyses code line by line |
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finnjackson00
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