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Linguistics
Sociolinguistic/psycholinguistics/language and Brain
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Malapropism | Switching one word for another. Two words have similar form. |
| Matrix Language | Dominant language when code switching |
| Relexification Hypothesis | All Creoles come from a template (or a photo-pidgin) |
| Language Bioprogram Hypothesis | Creoles sound similar because all children have a similar way of learning language. |
| Creole continuum | Range of varieties of a creole. |
| Acrolect | Most resembles Lexifier Language |
| Basilect | Least resembles lexifier language |
| Ethnonyms | preferred name for an ethnic group |
| Ethnomethodology | Conversation analysis |
| Adjacency Pair | One specific type of utterance is followed by another from a different person. |
| Morphological Decomposition | form of language processing where words are broken into individual morphemes. |
| Prosody | Intonation of a sentence. |
| Markers | speech difference that has social implications |
| Indicators | Speech difference that does NOT have social implications |
| Selectional Restrictions | Restrictions play a role in how we process language. |
| Sentence Ambiguity | One word in a sentence can have multiple meanings |
| Psycholinguistic Modelling | Theories that are created so linguists can accurately test hypotheses. |
| Salience | Whether or not speech differences are noticeable. |
| Intra-speaker variation | Variation within individual speakers |
| Inter-speaker variation | How speech varies according to a speaker's social characteristics. |
| Late Closure | Parsing a sentence as you go. Attaching new words onto the clause we are processing. |
| Minimal Attachment | We do not build more syntactic structure than is necessary. |
| Variable | A word or phoneme that has multiple possible pronunciations |
| Variant | Each possible pronunciation of a word or phoneme. |
| Variations Sociolinguistics | Where there are social differences there will also be linguistic differences |
| Parsing | Interpreting a sentence as you go. |
| Language Planning | Creating solutions to linguistic gaps in a certain speech community. |
| High Involvement Style | people speak right after one another often interrupting each other. (culture dependent) |
| Openings and Closings | Utterances that start and end conversations |
| Lexifer Language | Language that supplies words for a pidgin. |
| Syntax Module | using a rule system to process sentences. Autonomous from other processing |
| Linguistic Relativity | Structure of a language affects the ways the speakers conceptualize their world. |
| Cohort Model | When we hear the beginning of a word we search our mental lexicon for all words that start with those sounds. |
| Dual Route to reading aloud. | 1. Converting letters into sounds (bottom-up processing) 2. Using info stored in our mental lexicon to find words that sound similar (top-down processing) |
| Surface Dyslexia | Person knows rules and can read nonsense words with normal spelling. Have trouble with irregular spelling. |
| Phonological Dyslexia | Know words that they have seen before (keep the words stored in their mental lexicon). Have trouble with nonsense words. |
| Dense & Multiplex Social Networks | Small group of people interact with each other. Reinforces traditional ways of speaking. Less likely to change (small town) |
| Sociolect | Dialect of a particular social class |
| Ethnolect | variety of a language associated with a certain ethnic or cultural group |
Created by:
KiraB
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