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EC S3-4 Bus Types
Business Structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sole Proprietorship | A business owned and run by a single individual. |
| Sole Proprietorship Setup Requirements | No requirements except for an occasional business license & fees. |
| Unlimited Liability | Owner is personally responsible for all losses and debts of a business (personal assets are at stake). |
| Limited Life | A firm legally ceases to exist when an owner dies, or quits, or a new owner is added. |
| Partnership | A business that is jointly owned by two or more person. |
| Partnership Setup Requirements | Can be started with a handshake, but formal legal documents specifying arrangements between partners is highly advisable. |
| General Partnership | All partners are responsible for management and financial obligations. |
| Limited Partnership | One partner not active in management and has limited responsibility for business debt and obligations. |
| Corporation | Separate legal entity with all the rights and responsibilities of an individual. |
| Corporation Setup Requirements | Must receive government permission in the form of a charter, set up and sell shares of stock to raise capital for the firm. |
| Charter | Written government approval to establish a corporation; includes company name, address, purpose of business, number of shares of stock, and other features of the business. |
| Stockholders | People who own shares of stock in a corporation; same as shareholders. |
| Board of Directors | Responsible for business operations; voted in by shareholders. |
| Stock | Certificate of ownership in a corporation |
| Common stock | General ownership; typically with one vote per share for electing the board of directors. |
| Preferred stock | No voting rights, but has higher claim on corporate income and assets than common stock holders. |
| Dividend | Check paid to stockholders, usually quarterly, representing a portion of corporate profits. |