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Definitions
PhonDis SLP610
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Communication | the sharing of information between two or more people (spoken language, written language, gestures, symbols, etc) |
| Speech | spoken language/words, oral/verbal communication |
| Articulation | motor production of speech sounds. |
| Fluency | flow of speech (rate/rhythm) |
| Voice | quality, pitch, loudness, resonance |
| Phonology | is the sound system of a language and the rules that govern the sound combinations. (RULE-BASED system that governs how particular speech sounds are used to produce meaningful words.) |
| Morphology | is the system that governs the structure of words and the construction of word forms. |
| Morphemes | the smallest meaningful units of language (bound or unbound). |
| Syntax | is the system governing the order and combination of words to form sentences, and the relationships among the elements within a sentence. |
| Semantics | is the system that governs the meanings of words, phrases, and sentences. |
| Pragmatics | is the system that combines the above language components in functional and socially appropriate communication. |
| Articulation | totality of motor movements involved in speech sound production. It is a developmental process (learned) involving mainly peripheral motor processes. |
| Speech sounds | within the array of human (organic) sounds possible, these are the end product of articulatory motor processes specific to speech. Actual production/physical reality. Also "phonetic variation". |
| Phoneme | smallest linguistic unit able to able to distinguish meaning between words (in combo with other phonemes). |
| Allophone | variation between speakers and contexts in phonemic production that does not change the meaning of a word. |
| Phonotactics | the allowed combinations of phonemes in a particular language. |
| Minimal pairs | two words that differ in only one phoneme value |
| Speech sound disorder | difficulty making certain sounds past a certain age. |
| Articulation disorder | Subcategory of speech disorder. Atypical sound production interfering with intelligibility and characterized by substitutions, omissions, additions, distortions. |
| Phonological disorder | impaired comprehension of a language's sound system |
| Phonetic inventory | list of all speech sounds/variations |
| Phonemic inventory | repertoire of phonemes used contrastively by an individual. |
| Phonotactic constraint | failure to use phonemes in all possible word positions (initial, middle, final) |
Created by:
ashea01
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