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3-D Design/HHS
Elements & Principles of Art
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Line | the path of a point moving in space |
| Shape | 2-dimensional space; flat; limited to height & width; sometimes enclosed with an outline |
| Geometric Shapes | nameable shapes created by mathematical laws |
| Organic Shapes | free form shapes or natural shapes |
| Form | 3-dimensional space; includes height, width, and depth |
| Texture | the way things feel or look as if they may feel if touched |
| Visual Texture | the illusion of texture in an artwork |
| Value | the lightness or darkness of tones or colors |
| Color | the illusionary phenomena of light |
| Hue | another name for color |
| Tint | when white has been added to a color |
| Shade | when black has been added to a color |
| High Intensity | when a color is strong and bright |
| Low Intensity | when a color is faint and dull |
| Space | the sense of depth achieved in a work of art |
| Positive Space | space filled with recognizable objects |
| Negative Space | the empty spaces around the positive space |
| Balance | the way the Elements of Art are arranged to create a feeling of stability; it is the equal distribution of the visual weights of objects, colors, texture, and space |
| Symmetrical Balance | the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side; if the artwork was divided in half, the two sides would be the same or almost the same |
| Asymmetrical Balance | the sides are different but still look balanced |
| Radial Balance | the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similiar |
| Contrast | when there is a large difference between two things to create interest or tension |
| Emphasis | the part of the design that catches the viewer's attention; a focal point |
| Movement | the path the viewer's eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas; such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art |
| Pattern | the repeating of an object or symbol all over the artwork; it often decorates the surfaces of art with planned, repeated units |
| Proportion | the feeling of unity created when all parts relate well with each other; when drawing or sculpting the human figure, it can refer to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body |
| Repetition | works with pattern to make the art seem active; when used with the Elements of Art it creates unity with in the artwork |
| Rhythm | created when one or more Elements of Art are used repeatedly to create a mood like music or dancing |
| Unity | the feeling of harmony between all parts of the artwork; creates a sense of completeness |
| Variety | the use of several Elements of Art to increase the visual interest of an artwork; it holds the viewer's attention as it guides the viewer's eye through and around the work of art |