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Unit 4 Chapter 37

Urinary Tract Infections

QuestionAnswer
organisms associated with UTIs Enterococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphlococcus saprophyticus, Candida spp.
UTI infection occurring in or associated with the urinary tract
upper urinary tract infection limited to the renal parenchyma or ureters; often accompanied by L-UTI symptoms in addition to costovertebral flank pain or tenderness and fever.
lower urinary tract infection a GU tract infection limited to urethra, bladder, and prostrate
acute urethral syndrome condition in which patients experience dysuria and frequency with bacterial urine colony counts fewer than 105 organisms/mL of urine
proststitis inflammation of the prostate
cervicitis and causative agents inflammation of the cervix; causative agents: sexually transmitted organisms, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
bacteriuria presence of bacteria in urine
urethritis and causative agents inflammation of the urethra, presenting as dysuria and discharge; causative agents: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum
cystitis and causative agents inflammation of the bladder presenting as dysuria, urinary frequency, and urgency; causative agents: gram-negative bacilli, such as E. coli, Proteus, and Klebsiella, may also be caused by medication and certain viruses
pyelonephritis infection that involves the kidneys
flora of normal voided urine by patient age/status newborn: sterile;1-3 days old: Staphylococci, Enterococci, Diphtheroids, Mycobacterium amegmatis;prepubertal: Micrococci, Streptococci, Coliforms, Diphtheroids;Adult: L. acidophilus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococci, Escherichia coli, Diphtheroids
flora of normal voided urine by patient age/status cont'd adult: yeast, anaerobic streptococci, Listeria spp, Clostridium spp; pregnancy: increase in L. acidophilus, yeasts, S. epidermidis; Postmenopausal: similar to prepubertal flora
interpretation of the UA results based on colony count routine workup of isolates and susceptibility testing must be tailored according to the patient at risk and the specimen type submitted. Multiple uropathogens indicate probable contamination. 1 or 2 significant uropathogens should routinely be identified.
Created by: luceroapril
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