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World War II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The name for the German air force | Luftwaffe |
| The primary German fighter plane | Messerschmitt Bf 109 |
| Effective use of __________ helped to repel German forces, forcing the Luftwaffe into nighttime raids against civilian targets in a campaign known as "the Blitz". | radar |
| Lightning War | Blitzkrieg |
| Proposed German amphibious invasion of England | Operation Sea Lion |
| With about two million casualties, this is often cited as the bloodiest battle in history. | Battle of Stalingrad |
| The Appeaser at the Munich Conference. "Peace in Our Time" | Neville Chamberlain |
| Fascist dictator of Italy | Benito Mussolini |
| Nazi dictator of Germany | Adolf Hitler |
| Name Hitler gave to Germany | Third Reich |
| Name given to Hitler as leader of Germany | Der Fuhrer |
| American President for most of World War II | Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
| UK Prime Minister who replaced Chamberlain in 1940 | Winston Churchill |
| Emperor of Japan | Hirohito |
| Nickname given to the top secret atomic bomb project by the United States | Manhattan Project |
| Bombing of this naval based caused American entry into the war | Pearl Harbor, Hawaii |
| Date of Pearl Harbor attack | December 7, 1941 |
| Date of D-Day | June 6, 1944 |
| Date of the Atomic Bomb dropped on Hiroshima | August 6, 1945 |
| Date of the Atomic Bomb dropped on Nagasaki | August 9, 1945 |
| Battleship that the Japanese surrendered on | USS Missouri |
| President who replaced FDR upon his death on April 12, 1945 | Harry S Truman |
| Date World War II started | September 1, 1939 |
| The invasion of this country triggered WWII | Poland |
| Name of the non-aggression pact Hitler and Stalin signed in August of 1939 | Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact |
| Defensive line between France and Germany | Maginot Line |
| Most notorious concentration camp; over 1 million died here alone | Auschwitz (in Poland) |
| Boat that John F. Kennedy was on during WWII | PT-109 |
| Name given to the end of WWII in Europe | V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day) |
| V-E Day | May 8, 1945 |
| Name given to the end of WWII in Japan | V-J Day (Victory over Japan) |
| V-J day | August 15, 1945 |
| Date Japan officially signed their surrender | September 2, 1945 |
| The Big Three countries | US, UK, and Soviet Union (USSR) |
| Name given to the alliance between Germany, Italy and Japan | The Axis Powers |
| Germany's last major offensive operation on the Western Front. | Battle of the Bulge (December 1944-January 1945) |
| Japan’s invasion of ___________ was the primary cause of World War II in East Asia. | China (Second Sino-Japanese War; 1937-1945) |
| As early as 1931, Japanese forces occupied ___________________ and set up a puppet state called “______________________." | Manchuria; Manchukuo |
| The __________________ ______________ ________________Incident of 1937 resulted in open war between Japan and China. | Marco Polo Bridge |
| Japanese forces committed notorious atrocities during the invasion of China, including the 1937 massacres known as the “_________________ ___ __________________” | Rape of Nanking. |
| The Chinese war effort was hindered by internal conflict between _______________ _____________'s Nationalist Kuomintang government and the communist insurgency led by ____ _______________. | Chiang Kai-Shek; Mao Zedong |
| The 1st American Volunteer Group of the Chinese Air Force | Flying Tigers |
| Admiral ____________________ ________________________ planned the Japanese strike, which sent carrier-based dive bombers and torpedo bombers to Oahu on Sunday, December 7, 1941 | Isoroku Yamamoto |
| Four American battleships, including the _____ _____________ were sunk; the American aircraft carriers were at sea away from Pearl Harbor at the time of the attack. | USS Arizona |
| President Franklin Roosevelt’s address to Congress described December 7 as a ________________________________ | "date which will live in infamy.” |
| Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese bombers struck the Philippine island of __________, forcing the Americans to retreat to the _________________ Peninsula, where they held out for four months | Luzon; Bataan (Battle of Bataan; January-May 1942) |
| On March 7, 1936 Hitler sent troops into this area of Germany. According to the Treaty of Versailles; this area of Germany was to be demilitarized. | The Rhineland (named after the Rhine River) |
| This document weakened Germany after World War I and forced them to pay reparations to England and France. Hitler used this document as motivation for revenge. | The Treaty of Versailles |
| This policy was based on the belief that if European states satisfied the reasonable demands of dissatisfied powers, the dissatisfied powers would be be content. | Appeasement |
| The German-speaking portion of Czechoslovakia that Hitler was granted at the Munich Conference | Sudetenland |
| Conference that gave Hitler the Sudetenland in exchange for him promising to take over no more land | Munich Conference (named after Munich, Germany) |
| The foreign policy of the United States during the 1930s. It disappeared after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. | Isolationism |
| Isolationist group that was led by famed aviator Charles Lindbergh | America First (folded after Pearl Harbor) |
| Leader of the German Afrika Korps and one of Germany's best generals | Erwin Rommel |
| The greatest tank battle of World War II was between the Soviets and the Nazis between July 5 and July 12, 1943 | Battle of Kursk |
| Codename for the five beaches of Normandy | Sword, Gold (UK forces) Juno (Canadian forces) Omaha, Utah (US forces) |
| The leader of the SS in Nazi Germany | Heinrich Himmler |
| The leader of the Gestapo in Nazi Germany | Hermann Göring |
| Name for the war crime trials held against Nazi leaders after WWII | Nuremberg Trials |
| General and Leader of the Free France Movement | Charles de Gaulle |
| Japan’s invasion of China was the primary cause of World War II in East Asia. As early as 1931, Japanese forces occupied Manchuria and set up a puppet state called “Manchukuo.” | Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) |
| The Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937 resulted in open war between Japan and China. Japanese forces committed notorious atrocities during the invasion of China, including the 1937 massacres known as the “Rape of Nanking.” | Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) |
| The Chinese war effort was hindered by internal conflict between Chiang Kai-Shek’s Nationalist Kuomintang government and the communist insurgency led by Mao Zedong. | Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) |
| Allied support was limited to air power deployed over the Himalayas from India, including the fighter pilots known as the “Flying Tigers.” | Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) |
| Between 1942 and 1945 central China was largely cut off from the outside world due to Japanese conquest of coastal ports; | Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) |
| Japanese plans for domination of the Pacific called for a surprise attack on this U.S. Navy base in Hawaii; wrecking the American Pacific Fleet would allow the Japanese navy to invade southeast Asia with minimal opposition. | Attack on Pearl Harbor (December 1941) |
| Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto planned the Japanese strike, which sent carrier-based dive bombers and torpedo bombers to Oahu on Sunday, December 7, 1941. | Attack on Pearl Harbor (December 1941) |
| Four American battleships, including the USS Arizona, were sunk; the American aircraft carriers were away at sea at the time of the attack. | Attack on Pearl Harbor (December 1941) |
| The losses sustained here shocked the previously neutral United States into entering World War II. President Franklin Roosevelt’s address to Congress described December 7 as a “date which will live in infamy.” | Attack on Pearl Harbor (December 1941) |
| Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese bombers struck the Philippine island of Luzon, forcing the Americans to retreat to this namesake Peninsula, where they held out for four months. | Battle of Bataan (January to May 1942) |
| General Douglas MacArthur vowed "I shall return” before evacuating to Australia and leaving command to Jonathan Wainwright, who retreated to the island of Corregidor and surrendered on May 6. | Battle of Bataan (January to May 1942) |
| The prisoners from here were sent on a “death march” 80 miles to San Fernando with minimal food, water, and medical supplies; those that fell behind were beaten. Japanese General Masaharu Homma was executed in 1946 for his role in the war crime. | Battle of Bataan (January to May 1942) |
| Japan’s offensive in southeast Asia also struck at the British Empire. Japanese aircraft sank the British battleship Prince of Wales and drove obsolete British aircraft from the skies over the Malay Peninsula. | Fall of Singapore (February 1942) |
| Allied troops were driven back toward Britain’s major base in the Far East. Reinforcements from Britain and Australia arrived too late to repair the situation, and British general Arthur Percival was forced to surrender in February 1942. | Fall of Singapore (February 1942) |
| The loss of this colony stunned the British Empire. Many Indian prisoners captured here switched sides to fight for the Japanese | Fall of Singapore (February 1942) |
| British and Australian POWs labored in terrible conditions on the Siam-Burma railway depicted in the novel The Bridge over the River Kwai. | Fall of Singapore (February 1942) |
| Resulted from Japanese ambitions to invade Port Moresby, an Allied base in New Guinea. Frank Jack Fletcher’s American fleet damaged two Japanese aircraft carriers, Shokaku and Zuikaku. | Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942) |
| The U.S. Navy’s major loss was the carrier Lexington. The battle, a tactical draw, prevented the Japanese from attacking Port Moresby. | Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942) |
| It is notable for being the first naval battle fought entirely by aircraft- neither fleet was ever in visual range of the other’s ships. | Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942) |
| Considered the turning point of World War II in the Pacific. | Battle of Midway (June 1942) |
| Japanese Admiral Yamamoto launched attacks on both Midway Island, an atoll northwest of Hawaii, and the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, but the Americans had broken the Japanese naval code and were forewarned. | Battle of Midway (June 1942) |
| Admiral Chester W. Nimitz’s American fleet lost the aircraft carrier Yorktown, but American dive-bombers destroyed four Japanese carriers: Soryu, Akagi, Kaga, and Hiryu. | Battle of Midway (June 1942) |
| The loss of four irreplaceable aircraft carriers and the death of the best-trained Japanese pilots crippled Japanese naval aviation for the duration of the war. | Battle of Midway (June 1942) |
| This first Allied counteroffensive in the Pacific targeted this island in the Solomons, to secure communications between the U.S. Pacific coast and Australia | Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942 to February 1943) |
| . “Operation Watchtower” was the codename for the initial U.S. Marine landings, which secured an airbase at Henderson Field and held off a Japanese counterattack on Edson’s Ridge. | Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942 to February 1943) |
| The naval battle of Savo Island took place between American ships and Japanese forces (the so-called “Tokyo Express”) trying to resupply troops on this island. | Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942 to February 1943) |
| By early 1943, Allied dominance of the seas and skies around this island forced Japan to withdraw its remaining troops. | Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942 to February 1943) |
| The American landings on this island in the fall of 1944 fulfilled Douglas MacArthur’s promise to return to the Philippines. | Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) |
| American admiral William (“Bull”) Halsey was criticized for the poorly-coordinated response to the Japanese attack. | Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) |
| Nevertheless, American ships, aircraft, and submarines were able to destroy more than two dozen Japanese vessels, including the giant battleship Musashi. | Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) |
| The Japanese position was by now so desperate that Japan began the practice of suicidal kamikaze attacks on Allied naval vessels. | Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) |
| Most of the Imperial Japanese Navy’s remaining strength emerged to challenge the Allied landing, setting up one of the largest naval battles in world history. | Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) |
| isolated volcanic island between the Marianas and Honshu; early in 1945 it was strategically important as a base for American air attacks on the Japanese home islands. | Battle of Iwo Jima (February to March 1945) |
| The defenders were led by General Tadamichi Kuribayashi, who attempted to prolong the battle indefinitely by digging an elaborate system of tunnels to protect his troops. | Battle of Iwo Jima (February to March 1945) |
| The U.S Marines who stormed the island starting in February 1945 sustained thousands of casualties. Joe Rosenthal’s photograph of Marines raising the flag on Mt. Suribachi is one of the best known images of the Second World War. | Battle of Iwo Jima (February to March 1945) |
| Codenamed Operation Iceberg, the invasion of this land was the last major ground battle in the Pacific theater of World War II. | Battle of Okinawa (April to June 1945) |
| Kakazu Ridge and Shuri Castle were among the positions Japanese troops defended against U.S. Marine and Army units. | Battle of Okinawa (April to June 1945) |
| Thiswas the high point of Japanese kamikaze attacks; over 1,500 suicide missions were sent against the Allied invasion fleet. | Battle of Okinawa (April to June 1945) |
| The heavy casualties sustained by both sides and the suicidal bravery of the Japanese military encouraged American planners to use atomic weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. | Battle of Okinawa (April to June 1945) |
| The projected late-1945 conventional invasion of the Japanese home islands. This did not happen due to the use of the atomic bombs | Operation Downfall |
Created by:
Mr_Morman
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