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Device Drivers
Info about installed hardware
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A software component that allows a hardware device to communicate with the OS - allows an OS to correct, interpret,and implements the signals that come from the hardware devices | Device Driver |
| Two methods Linux uses to implement device drivers | Loaded as a kernel module compiled into the kernel |
| Software that the kernel accesses only when it is needed - have a .o or .ko extension and are linked and unlinked dynamically | kernel modules |
| Kernel modules stored in | /lib/modules/kernel_version/kernel/driver_name directory |
| Drivers that are integrated into the kernel build when the kernel is recompiled | Compiled into the kernel |
| Directory that contains info about the systems state and processes -contents created dynamically | /proc |
| /proc Files and Directories: Displays the BOOT options that were given to the kernel at boot time | /proc/cmdline |
| /proc Files and Directories; has info about the computer's CPU | /proc/cpuinfo |
| /proc Files and Directories: Displays a list of hardware installed | /proc/devices |
| /proc Files and Directories: Shows all Direct Memory Access assignments - gives hardware devices direct access to computer's memory independent of CPU | /proc/dma |
| /proc Files and Directories: Signals sent to CPU that inform it that it needs to process input from a hardware device | /proc/interrupt |
| /proc Files and Directories: Contains a mapping of memory allocated to each device and the input/output port assignment for the memory | /proc/iomem |
| /proc Files and Directories: Lists the kernel modules computer is currently using (running) | /proc/modules |
| /proc Files and Directories: Gives info about the current kernel version | /proc/version |
| /proc Files and Directories: Displays detailed memory info on the system | /proc/meminfo |
| /proc Files and Directories: Contains a file or directory for each SCSI device attached to the computer | /proc/scsi |
| /proc Files and Directories: Contains a file or directory for each USB device attached to the computer | /proc/bus |
| /proc Files and Directories: Contains a file for the IDE (Integrated device electronics) device attached to the computer | /proc/ide |
| /proc Files and Directories: Contains a list of filesystems that are configured into the currently running kernel | /proc/filesystems |
| /proc Files and Directories: Partition info including major and minor number of each partition NAME and Number of BLOCKS | /proc/partitions |
| /proc Files and Directories: permits interfaces on the system to FORWARD packages to one another | /proc/ip_forward |
| Makes available or exports info about the hardware devices and drivers in the system to programs running on the system | /sys |
| /sys Sub-Directories: Has an entry for each BLOCK device - Block devices such as flash drives and disk drives use data blocks | /sys/block |
| /sys Sub-Directories: Holds a sub-directory for SCSI, USB, PCI, and ISA devices -Each sub-directory has an additional directory for devices and drivers that has info for each device and driver in the category | /sys/bus |
| /sys Sub-Directories: Has files for each CLASS of device on computer | /sys/class |
| /sys Sub-Directories: lists every device discovered on computer - The directory hierarchy places each device beneath the device to which it is connected | /sys/devices |
| /sys Sub-Directories: has a sub-directory for each kernel module installed | /sys/module |
| Display info on all USB devices connected to the computer | lsusb |
| lsusb Options: Show all info about each USB device | lsusb -v |
| lsusb Options: Show info for a specific bus | lsusb -s device_name |
| Display info about HARDWARE on computer | hwinfo |
| hwinfo Options: Probes for a specific hardware item | hwinfo --hardware_item_name e.g. hwinfo --cpu |
| hwinfo Options: Show an abbreviated list of info | hwinfo --short |
| hwinfo Options: Display RAID devices | hwinfo --listmd |
| Display all PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) devices | lspci |
| lspci Options: Show the devices and the kernel drivers that support them | lspci -k |
| lspci Options: displays a tree diagram that shows connections between all busses, bridges, and devices | lspci -t |
| A virtual file system mounted at /sys which exports info about hotplug devices so that other utilities can access the information | sysfs |
| Daemon (hald) that provides all applications with data about current hardware. Hald runs constantly | Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) daemon |
| Daemon allows processes to communicate with each other and notify them of new hotplug devices | Desktop Bus (D-Bus) daemon |
| A virtual filesystem that dynamically creates device files as devices are added ad removed | /udev |
| /udev uses this configuration file which contains the error reporting level for hotplug device errors | /etc/udev/udev.conf |
| /udev uses this directory to name devices | /etc/udev/rules.d |
| hwinfo Options: show a particular disk | hwinfo --disk --only /dev/sdb |
Created by:
johnadream
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