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ENT. EOPA StudyGuide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. First line managers are usually referred to as? | Level of management directly above non-managerial workers, Commonly referred to as first line managers, They generally supervise production on assembly lines in manufacturing business, Job titles:foreman, section head and shift boss, They are an important |
| 2. Name three ways to foster a more ethical work environment. | 1) Hire ethical employees 2) Publish codes of ethics 3) Ethics Training 4) Create a culture of ethics 5) Create Ethics compliance mechanism |
| 3. Three traits common to leaders = | 1) Drive to achieve 2) Motivated to lead 3) Integrity |
| 4. Define and explain the “anchoring” in the context of making decisions | The anchoring effect refers to the adjustment a decision maker carries out based on information presented to him. |
| 5. One of the by-products of the ___________ has demonstrated that an employee’s attitude toward a job matters and that a sense of participation in the organization matters . | Hawthorne Study |
| 6. Management process refers to the manager’s four basic functions of | controlling, leading, organizing and planning, staffing (CLOPS) |
| 7. Define and explain matrix organization | • company structure in which the reporting relationships are set up as a grid, or matrix, rather than in the traditional hierarchy. • Employees have dual reporting relationships - generally to both a functional manager and a product manager |
| 8. What are the Hawthorne Studies? | • Research was conducted with workers at Western Electric Company • Researchers found that choosing their own coworkers, working as a group, being treated as special and having a sympathetic supervisor were reasons for increases in worker productivity • |
| 9. One of the by-products of this study has demonstrated that an employee’s attitude toward a job matters and that a sense of participation in the organization matters. | Hawthorne Study |
| 10. What are the four basic functions of management? | Controlling, leading, organizing planning, Staffing (CLOPS) |
| 11. Define and explain cost leadership. | A competitive strategy by which a company to create a low cost of operation within their industry. The use of this strategy is primarily to gain an advantage over competitors by reducing operating costs below that of others in the same industry. |
| 13. Managers with the functional title of directors or general managers are usually in the level of | middle management |
| 14. A graphical chart that identifies tasks and deadlines in order to complete a project as a whole is? | Gantt Chart |
| 15. What does the acronym SWAT stand for? | A SWOT Analysis is a technique that evaluates a company’s internal strengths and weaknesses and its external opportunities and treats. |
| 16. The most efficient form of organization according to Max Weber is: | Bureaucracy |
| 17. List the steps of the decision making process: | Step 1: Identify the problem Step 2: Seek Information Step 3: Brainstorm Solutions Step 4: Choose Alternative Step 5: Implement Plan Step 6: Evaluate Outcome |
| 18. What is corporate level strategy? | is concerned with the strategic decisions a business makes that affect the entire organization. Financial performance, mergers and acquisitions, human resource management and the allocation of resources are considered part of corporate level strategy. |
| 19. What are HUMAN SKILLS? | The ability to work well with others…work effectively within groups, encourages others to express their thought and feelings, are sensitive to others’ needs and viewpoints, and are good listeners and communicators. |
| a. Autocrat Leader | Leader who does not listen to other people but make all decisions themselves. The make decisions alone because they do not trust others. |
| b. Laissez-Fair Leader | HANDS OFF LEADER!! They simply choose not to lead. They lack confidence in their leadership abilities and allow others to make decisions. |
| c. Democratic Leadership | Often the best kind of leaders. They listen to other people’s opinions and encourage the exchange of ideas. These leaders help develop a sense of responsibility among group members. When they make a decision, they explain the reason behind it. |
| 21. An Autocratic Leader is one who: | 1) Solves problems and makes decision alone 2) Who has a, “My way or the highway” attitude 3) Uses available information, but does not include others in the decision making process |
| 22. Define and explain “slack resources” as a way to maintain flexibility in a plan. | Extra cushion of resources |
| 23. Define and explain ethical dilemma (as it relates to ethics). | Difference between right and wrong. |
| 24. Define “differentiation” | Making a product or service unique. (Example: Krystal hamburgers are square, all other hamburgers are round) |
| 25. Four elements of BCG Matrix. | Stars, cash cows, question marks, dogs Star= (high growth, high market share) Cash Cow= (low growth, high market share) Question Mark= (high growth, low market share) Dog= (low growth, low market share) |
| 26. What is cost leadership. | A competitive strategy by which a company aims to be the lost-cost leader in its industry. Key is in the trickery balance between low cost and acceptable quality. EX: Dollar Tree Stores, McDonalds, Walmart |
| 27. One of the by-products of this study has demonstrated that an employee’s attitude toward a job matters and that a sense of participation in the organization matters is? | Hawthorne Study |
| 28. Vulnerability is? | Threats to the strengths of a company. |
| 29. A graphical chart that identifies tasks and deadlines in order to complete a project as a whole describes? | Gantt Chart |
| 30. As it relates to management, the word efficiency means? | Efficiency means getting work done, with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste |
| 31. What is quality control? | The process of a business that seeks to ensure the quality of their products/services meet the customer needs by testing their products or services |
| 32. What is the Five Forces Model? | |
| 33. What are the stages of the “Punctuated Equilibrium Theory” | |
| 34. The principle "Zone of Indifference" is a managerial concept closely related to this management theory? | Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority |
| 35. Developing vision strategic planning of an organization is usually the main job of the? | Top Managers |
| 36. What are the three marketing strategies? | focus, differentiation and cost leadership |
| 37. List the six steps of management by objectives – Management By Objective is a process often used in quality improvement and goal setting or the who organization. | • Establishes well-defined job objectives • Develops an action plan for achieving objectives • Allows employees to implement the action plan • Evaluates achieved performance based objectives • Takes necessary corrective action • Establishes new |
| 38. What is the role of the government in business (market economy) – In a market economy, the government may serve as the following: | • REGULATOR – o Inspecting (USDA inspects meat and poultry plants; restaurants are inspected, FDA inspects drugs) o Licenses-The government regulates by requiring businesses to obtain licenses (i.e, barbers, beauticians) • PROVIDER OF PUBLIC GOODS ( |
| 39. Scalar Principal of Management | States that subordinates at every level should follow the chain of command, and communicate with their seniors only through their immediate or intermediate senior. |
| 40. Chain of Command | The order in which authority and power in an organization is wielded and delegated from top management to every employee at every level of the organization. |
| 41. Management Theories | |
| Scientific Management Theory (1890-1940) FREDERICK TAYLOR | |
| Bureaucratic Management Theory – (1930-1950) MAX WEBER | |
| Human Relations Movement – (1930 –Today) | |
| Contingency Theory | |
| Systems Theory | |
| Chaos Theory | |
| Theory X and Theory Y |
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zakiyaowens
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