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biomechanics AT
Stack #218520
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 Types of loads that stress bones | Compression, Tension, Shearing, Torsion, Bending |
| What are the 7 types of Diarthrodial Joints | gliding, hinge, pivot, condylar, ellipsoid, saddle, ball and socket |
| Gliding Joint(Ex) | Carpals/Tarsals (Bones glide over each other. Do not rotate around an axis) |
| Hinge Joint | IP Joints in hand/foot. Elbow(ulnohumeral) |
| Pivot Joint | radioulnar joint(supiantion/pronation)/ alantoaxial articulation |
| Condlylar joint | Knee/TMJ (allow for flex/ext with some rota.) |
| Ellipsoid joint | MCP Joint (movement in flex/ext/abd/ab) |
| Saddle Joint | ONLY found in MCP of thumb |
| Ball and Socket | Shoulder/ HIP |
| Other 2 classifications on joints and what they do | Synarthroidal(skull sutures) Allow for little or know movement. Amphiarthroidal(epiphyseal plates) hold bones together |
| Synergist/Neutrilizer muscle | Muscle that contracts to eliminate undesired movement of a joint |
| What are the two types of muscle fiber arrangements. which one produces more force | Fusiform/Penniform(more force production) |
| When is maximum muscle tension-length achieved | when contracted just beyond resting length |
| What is does a muscle spindle do? | d |
| what does the Golgi Tendon Organ do? | Monitors force or tension a muscle produces |
| what is the stretch reflex? | GTO overrides muscle spindle and causes it to relax |
| When are the Quads/Hamstrings most active during running gait? | Foot Strike/Mid-support/Toe-off |
| What are the 5 phases of the running/walking gait? | Foot-Strike,Mid-support/Toe-off/forward swing/Deceleration |
| What is the typical Q-Angle for male/female | M=10-14, F=15-17 |
| Rear Foot Valgus | Causes foot to be pronated and prevents supination. Creates a hypermobile midtarsal joint and unstable first metatarsal |
| First Class Lever | Force and resistance are on opposite sides of the axis. |
| Second Class Lever | Force and resistance are on the same side of the axis. |
| Third Class Lever | Force and Resistance are on the same side of the axis, but force acts between the axis and resistance. |
| Rearfoot Varus | Causes rigid rearfoot |
| Forefoot Valgus | During Gait, the 1st MT strikes prematurely causing eversion and supination of the forefoot |
| Forefoot Valgus | during gait there is an increase in pronation as the 1st MT has to travel farther before contacting the ground |
| Sagittal Plane | Bisects body into right and left halves. Movements occur around mediolateral axis (somersaults, handspring) |
| Frontal Plane | Bisects body into front and back halves. Movementt occurs around anteroposterior axis. |
| Transverse/Horizontal Plane | Bisects body into upper and lower halves. Movement occurs around longitudinal axis. (spinning veritcally in the air/throwing shot put)involves rotation. |
Created by:
mwater1
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