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DNA Structure
ch.11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Virus | small, infective piece of DNA or RNA; wrapped in a PROTEIN coat. |
| Double Helix | Winding, two strand arrangement of DNA (base pairs=rungs) |
| Oswald Avery | Showed (in vitro) DNA= Transforming Principle (used DNAase & Proteinases) |
| Hershey & Chase | Proved phage DNA is injected into host (used radioactive S & P isotopes) |
| Hydrogen Bonds | Holds two strands of DNA together; connects base pairs (weak) |
| Deoxyribose | PENTOSE sugar in DNA; missing OXYGEN on #2 Carbon |
| Frederick Griffith | British; 1st discovered TRANSFORMATION in heat-killed bacteria |
| Watson & Crick | Developed DOUBLE HELIX model of DNA; complementary base pairs |
| Nucleotide | Building block (monomer) of DNA molecule |
| Adenine & Guanine | PURINE nitrogen bases; contain DOUBLE ring of carbon/nitrogens |
| Nitrogen Bases | ORDER of these makes us each UNIQUE |
| Antiparallel | Two DNA strands join in opposite directions (3' end with 5' end) |
| 3.4 Angstroms | DISTANCE between sucessive base pairs |
| DNA Polymerase | ENZYME that creates NEW DNA strand from OLD template |
| Cytosine & Thymine | PYRIMIDINE nitrogen bases; contain a SINGLE ring |
| DNA ligase | ENZYME connects NUCLEOTIDES during DNA replication |
| 34 Angstroms | DISTANCE of one complete turn of DNA |
| Period | One complete TURN of DNA |
| Semi-conservative | Nature of DNA REPLICATION (ie. One "old" + one "new" strand) |
| Erwin Chargoff | Discovered BASE PAIRING rules (A+G)=(T+C)for all species |
| Rosalind Franklin | Took X-rays of DNA; became data for Watson and Crick |
| Sugar-Phosphate | forms repeating BACKBONE of DNA molecule (same for all) |
| DNA | Main molecule of HEREDITY (double stranded nucleic acid) |
| Bacteriophage | A VIRUS that infects BACTERIA |
| Frederick Griffith (picture) | upside down rats |
| Hershey and Chase (picture) | cell with budding circles and circles in cell |
| Rosalind Franklin (picture) | photo of chromosome |
| structure in Hershey & Chase's cell photo | bacteriophage |
| Structure in Rosalind Franklin's chromosome photo | nitrogen bases |
| The PHOSPHATES of DNA join #2 and #4 carbons of the DEOXYRIBOESE sugars | FALSE |
| What makes each of us UNIQUE is the sequence of the NITROGEN BASES | TRUE |
| CHROMOSOMES=2 DNA strands held together by covalent bonding between nitrogen bases | FALSE |
| mRNA | (AUG ACG GAC GCU UUA GGA GUA UGA) etc. |
| Amino Acids | (Met Thr Asp Ala Leu Gly Val STOP) etc. |
| REDUDNDAT code means that one AMINO ACID has many codons | TRUE |
| TRANSLATIOn converts DNA into a mRNA | FALS; transcription |
| Translation (photo) | enzyme with polypeptide hanging off of it |
| creation of an AA-tRNA (photo) | enzyme going into active sight and releasing |
| structure F from all the coloring (handle) | AA-tRNA |
| shapes that connect into other shapes | anticodon |
Created by:
vweber1
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