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Computer Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A popular, compiled, high-level language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1985. Similar to C. adds object-oriented features (classes), generic programming (templates) & exception handling to the language. Used for developing business applications & games | C++ |
| Popular high-level language developed by Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. The language was originally named OAK and unsuccessfully used for set-top devices, but hit it big after being renamed in 1995 and introduced to the World Wide Web | Java |
| A high-level language developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz at Dartmouth College in the mid 1960s. It is easy to use but its relative lack of structure makes maintaining programs difficult. | BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) |
| Compiled successor to the B programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972. It is a high-level and highly standardized language that remains very “close to the hardware” and allows the programmer to perform useful, fast, and dangerous tricks. | C |
| An interpreted language designed principally to process text. It was written by Larry Wall and first released in 1988. It is intended to be practical and concise rather than theoretically elegant | PERL (“Practical Extraction Report Language.”) |
| created in the late 1950s and was the first procedural language intended for solving mathematical and scientific problems. | ALGOL (ALGOrithmic Language) |
| a high-level, compiled language built upon ALGOL. It is named after the 17th-century mathematician Blaise Pascal and was developed by Niklaus Wirth during 1967-71. | Pascal |
| Ancestor of the family of functional languages that emphasize evaluating expressions rather than executing imperative commands. It was developed by John McCarthy. Used for symbolic manipulations of complicated structures rather than numerical calculation. | LISP (LISt Processing) |
| Oldest high-level language. Designed by John Backus for IBM during the 1950s, once in use on virtually every computer in the world. Still used today for engineering/scientific applications because of the quality of its compilers/numerical libraries. | Fortran (FORmula TRANslation) |
| Developed in 1959 by CODASYL (Conference on Data Systems Languages) under the direction of Rear Admiral Grace Hopper and is the second-oldest high-level language. It emphasized record-processing and database access | COBOL (COmmon Business-Oriented Language) |
| HTTP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol |
| DOS | Disk Operating System |
| CD-ROM | CD Read-Only Memory |
| WWW | World Wide Web |
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| LCD | Liquid Crystal Display |
| LED | Light-Emitting Diode |
| ASCII (pronounced ask-key) | American Standard Code for Information Interchange. a commonly used data format for exchanging information between computers or programs. |
| RAM | Random-Access Memory |
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| .com domain | Stands for commerical |
| .org domain | The name is truncated from organization |
| .net domain | Stands for internet |
| .edu domain | Stands for education/schools |
| .gov domain | US Government websites |
| The canvas element is a new addition to what computer language used in conjunction with Cascading Style Sheets to create "hypertext" in web pages | HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) |
Created by:
Mr_Morman
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