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Respiratory System
Respiratory System Basics and Diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Breathing | inhaling and exhaling of air |
| Cyanosis | bluish color of skin caused by oxygen deficiency in the blood |
| Respiration | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (inhalation and exhalation) |
| inhalation (inspiration) | air is drawn in and the diaphragm contracts |
| exhalation (expiration) | air is pushed out from alveoli and diaphragm relaxes |
| cellular respiration | use of oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide |
| nose | a way that air enters the respiratory system that contains nares |
| mouth | a way that air enters the respiratory system |
| cilia | tiny hairs that filter out dust and other particles that enter the nose |
| Pharynx | another word for the throat. |
| Esophagus | pathway for food, leads to the stomach |
| Epiglottis | covers air only passage keeping food and liquid out of lungs |
| Trachea | windpipe, extends from larynx to bronchi |
| Bronchi | branches of trachea leading to lungs |
| Carina | The piece that divides trachea into the bronchi |
| Bronchioles | small tubes (thin as a strand of hair) in lungs branching from bronchi to alveoli |
| Alveoli | tiny air sacs, where gas exchange takes place. |
| Lungs | pair of lobed organs in chest cavity, |
| Diaphragm | muscle that contracts and causes air to enter the lungs |
| Pleura | membrane that covers the lungs and lines the chest cavity |
| Hyperpnea | abnormally increased breathing |
| Apnea | absence of breathing |
| anoxia | lack of oxygen |
| dyspnea | painful or labored breathing |
| tachypnea | fast breathing |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchus. |
| expistaxis | nosebleed |
| tuberculosis | an infectious lung disease caused by bacterium. |
| asthma | is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways |
| bronchitis | is an inflammation of the bronchi and bronchial tubes. |
| Sleep apnea | is a condition in which an individual stops breathing while asleep |
| laryngitis | is an inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords |
| Pleurisy | is an inflammation of the membranes of the lungs. |
| Influenza | the flu or a highly contagious viral infection . |
| Sinusitis | is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the sinuses. |
| Rhinitis | is an inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane |
| Pneumonia | the inflammation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate |
| Lung cancer | is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | is a term used to describe any chronic lung disease that results in obstruction of the airways and limitation of air flow. |
| Upper Respiratory Infection | a common cold, |
| Emphysema | deteriorate and lose their elasticity in lungs |
| tracheostenosis | abnormal condition of a narrow/constricted trachea |
| spirometer | measure of breathing |
| pneumonocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid in the lung. |
| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea |
| bronchoscope | instrument used to observe the bronchus |
| larynx | voicebox |
Created by:
ntgibson
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