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Sports Medicine Term
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anterior | Situated toward the front of the body |
| posterior | Back of the body |
| superior | Higher on the body |
| inferior | Lower on the body |
| medial | Toward the midline of the body |
| lateral | Away from the midline of the body |
| proximal | Closer to the point of attachment or origin |
| distal | Away from an attached base |
| superficial | On or near the surface |
| deep | Away from the surface |
| prone | Body position lying flat |
| supine | Lying on the back |
| flexion | A bending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that decreases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint |
| extension | An unbending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that increases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint |
| abbduction | move appendage away from middline |
| adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body |
| internal rotation | Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body. |
| external rotation | Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body. |
| pronation | the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward |
| supination | the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward |
| dorsiflexion | Backward flexion |
| plantar flexion | bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground |
| inversion | Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle |
| eversion | turning the sole of the foot away from the midline |
| ulnar deviation | Abduction of the wrist in the frontal plane |
| radial deviation | Adduction of the wrist in the frontal plane |
| rostral | Nose end of the head |
| caudal | Toward the tail |
| ipsilateral | same side |
| contralateral | opposite side |
| horizontal flexion | bringing the body part towards the mid line of the body once already abducted to 90 degrees |
| horizontal extension | bringing the body part away the mid line of the body once already abducted to 90 degrees |
| circumduction | circular movement of a limb at the far end |
| Adreno | glands |
| Arthro | joint |
| Arterio | artery |
| Bi | two |
| Brachium | arm |
| Cardio | heart |
| Cephal | head |
| Cerebro | brain |
| Chondro | - cartilage |
| Costo | - rib |
| Cryo | - cold |
| Derm | - skin |
| Dys | - disordered |
| Endo | - inside |
| Hemo | - blood |
| Hydro | - water |
| Hyper | - above |
| Hypo | - below |
| Myo | - muscle |
| Neuro | - nerves |
| Osteo | - bones |
| Palmar | - palm of the hand |
| Peri | - around |
| Phalang | - finger / toe |
| Phlebo | - veins |
| Plantar | - sole of the foot |
| Pneumo | - lungs |
| Post | - after |
| Pre | - before |
| Pseudo | - false |
| Psycho | - mind |
| Pyo | - pus |
| Quad | - four |
| Semi | - half |
| Thermo | - heat |
| Uni | - one |
| Vertebro | -vertebrae |
| A | / an - without |
| Ab | - away from |
| Ad | - toward |
| Algia | - painful condition |
| Co | / con - with |
| Ectomy | - surgical removal of |
| Epi | - on |
| Infra | - below |
| Inter | - between |
| Intra | - within |
| Itis | - inflammation |
| Ology | - study of |
| Oma | - tumor |
| Oscopy | - process of viewing |
| Osis | - abnormal condition of |
| Ostomy | - forming an artificial opening |
| Otomy | - cutting open |
| Pathy | - disease |
| Phobia | - fear |
| Pro | - before |
| Ptosis | - falling or sagging |
| Re | - again |
| Retro | - behind |
| Sub | - below |
| Sym | / syn - together |
| Abrasion | - minor wound in which the skin's surface is rubbed or scraped away |
| Acclimatization | - the process of the body physiologically adapting to an unfamiliar environment (altitude or temperature) |
| Acute | - sudden onset |
| Aerobic | - work or exercise requiring oxygen (endurance) |
| Amnesia | - lack or loss of memory usually due to head injury |
| Anaerobic | - work or exercise not requiring oxygen (sprints) |
| Anatomy | - study of structure or form |
| Analgesic | - an agent for producing insensibility to pain |
| Arthritis | - chronic inflammation of the joints |
| Articulation | - the site at which bones meet to form a joint |
| Atherosclerosis | - accumulation of fatty material on the inner walls of the arteries |
| Atrophy | - wasting away of organ or tissue; A decrease in muscle or tissue size |
| Avulsion | - tearing or pulling away of part of a structure |
| Bursa | - a fluid-filled sac at a joint that prevents friction |
| Bursitis | - inflammation of a bursa |
| Calcification | - hardening by deposits of bone in the muscle tissue |
| Cartilage | - gristle-like padding that lies on or between bones |
| Chronic | - of long duration or frequent recurrence |
| Contraindicate | - to advise against |
| Contralateral | - on the opposite side |
| Contusion | - a bruise to a bone or muscle from an outside force causing tissue damage and internal bleeding |
| Crepitus | - crackling sound or feeling |
| Cryotherapy | - treatment by the use of cold |
| Diagnosis | - the name of the disease / condition a person is believed to have |
| Dilation | - state of being enlarged |
| Dislocation | - complete displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint |
| Ecchymosis | - bleeding visible beneath the skin as a blue or purple patch |
| Edema | - swelling due to abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues or cavities |
| Effusion | - swelling in a joint |
| Etiology | - the cause of an injury or disease |
| Fracture | - a break or crack in a bone |
| Hematoma | - swelling composed of blood; Internal bleeding associated with a contusion |
| Hydrotherapy | - treatment by use of water |
| Hypertension | - high blood pressure |
| Incision | - a cut made surgically with a sharp knife |
| Indicate | - to advise the use of |
| Inflammation | - the body's reaction to injury; Involves redness |
| Innervate | - to supply with nerves |
| Joint | laxity - looseness of joint due to loose ligaments |
| Laceration | - a jagged cut or tear in the skin |
| Ligament | - tissue that connect bone to bone |
| Modality | - method or apparatus used for healing an injury |
| Palpation | - examination by touch |
| Physiology | - the study of function |
| Point | tenderness - pain at the sorest spot of an injury |
| Prognosis | - prediction of the course and end of a disease or eventual outcome of an injury |
| Puncture | wound - direct penetration of tissue by a pointed or blunt object |
| Range | of motion - movement of a joint around a central point ( ROM ) |
| Reduction | - to bring back to the normal position |
| Referred | pain - pain that occurs away from the injury site |
| Separation | - pulling apart of a generally non-movable joint |
| Shock | - potentially fatal reaction of the body to injury; Failure of the cardiovascular system to circulate enough blood to the body |
| Sprain | - stretching or tearing of ligaments |
| Strain | - stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon |
| Subluxation | - incomplete or partial dislocation of a joint |
| Syncope | - fainting due to inadequate oxygen to the brain |
| Tendon | - tissue that connect muscle to bone |
| Thermotherapy | - treatment by the use of heat |
| Valgus | - distal aspect of limb forced away from the midline |
| Varus | - distal aspect of limb forced toward the midline |
| Vasoconstrictor | - an agent causing the constriction of blood vessels |
| Vasodilator | - an agent causing the opening of blood vessels |
| What is a Certified Athletic Trainer? | The board certified athletic trainer |
| Anatomical Position | Standing erect |
| Is the standard reference point in which all positions | movements |
| Anatomical Planes | Fixed lines of reference along which the body is often divided or sectioned to facilitate viewing of its structures |
| Frontal Plane | The plane dividing the body into front and back halves |
| Transverse Plane | The horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower halves |
| Sagittal Plane | The plane dividing the body into right and left parts |
| BOC | board administered certification |
| NATA | national athletic trainers association |
| CEU | continuing education credits |
| negligence | Failure in following standard of care by failing to provide care |
| gross negligence | Conduct that constitutes a willful or reckless disregard for a duty or standard of care. |
| assumption of risk | A doctrine under which a plaintiff may not recover for injuries or damage suffered from risks he or she knows of and has voluntarily assumed |
| informed consent | An ethical principle requiring that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate. |
| probable cause | an action will lead to a certain end result and possibly cause harm |
| podiatrist | a specialist in care for the feet |
| allergist | specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of altered immunologic reactivity |
| urologist | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males |
| pediatrician | physician specializing in children's diseases |
| neurologist | A physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of disease of the nervous system. |
| human anatomy | study of structural basis of body function |
| exercise physiology | Study of changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity |
| biomechanics | The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces. |
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