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DA Chapter 20

DA Chapter 20 Anethesia and Sedation

QuestionAnswer
Reduces pain? Anesthetics.
Relieves anxiety? Sedation.
Administered directly into bloodstream, patient may be conscious, but in deeply relaxed state, patient has no memory of events taking place while sedated? IV sedation.
Patient can still communicate? conscious sedation.
May make patient calm and drowsy or calm and relaxed? Oral sedation.
Used commonly as a sedative hypnotic, calm and drowsy and as a anti anxiety, calm and relaxed? Benzodiazepine.
Calm and drowsy? Sedative hypnotic.
Calm and relaxed? Anti anxiety.
Administered through face mask, laryngeal airway or endotraycylur tube? Inhalation sedation.
Creates unconscious state, must be carefully controlled, feeling and sensation lost? General anesthesia.
Produces deadened or pain free area, sensory impulses temporarily blocked, affects nerve fibers carrying messages to brain? Local anesthesia.
Injection into muscle of upper arm or thigh, takes 20 to 30 minutes to take effect? Intramuscular sedation.
Numbs particular area, used prior to local anesthetic, desensitizes oral mucosa? Topical anesthesia.
Has 5-10% anesthetic solution? Topical anesthesia.
consist of 2% anesthetic solution? Local anesthesia.
Used for root planning, periodontal probing, preparing for local sedation, repressing gag reflex? Topical anesthesia.
Hypersensitive reaction, can occur up to 24 hours after application? Allergic reaction.
Should remain on mucosa tissue for 1 minute? Topical anesthesia.
Can be short(30 min), intermediate(60 min), or long(90 min) in duration. Local anesthesia.
Constricts blood vessel in turn controls bleeding at site being worked on? Vasoconstrictors.
Most common vasoconstrictor? Epinephrine.
More likely to cause an allergic reaction, Novocain, procaine? Ester.
More common-lower incidence of allergic reaction, lidocaine mepivacaine? Amides.
Patient may be allergic to one but not the other? Ester/Amides.
Drugs that can be added to the solution to make the duration time longer? Vasoconstrictors.
A state of calmness or the process of reducing nervous excitement? Sedation.
Injection near small terminal nerve branches, numbs tissue surrounding a tooth, takes 1-2 minutes to take effect? Local infiltration.
Injection near large terminal nerve branches, used on most procedures on maxillary arch and the mandibular incisors? Field block/ infiltration.
Absorbs well due to cancellous bone? Local infiltration.
Numbs one or two teeth? Local infiltration.
Injection site near apex of tooth being worked on, patient will feel numb within 2-3 minutes? Local infiltration.
Injection near main trunk nerve, eliminates sensations over a large area? Nerve block.
Numbs an entire quadrant, used on the mandibular, takes 4-5 minutes to take effect? Nerve block.
Behind and lingual to retromolar area? Mandibular block or inferior alveolar nerve block.
Between the apices of premolars? Mental block.
Most common ADA recommended, allows operator to verify that they have not penetrated a blood vessel? Aspirating syringe.
Short, 1 inch, Long, 1-5/8( 1.625)? Needle.
Internal opening of the needle? Lumen.
Protects patient if glass breaks contains manufacturers info? Label.
Standardized system, ADA requires it? Color coded.
Anesthetizes the following, bone, soft tissue, root, teeth, single or multiple teeth? Intraosseous anesthesia.
Requires a special system for administration, A perforator, an 8mm 27-gauge needle, known as a stabident system? Intraosseous injection.
Inserting needle into the long axis of tooth? Intraligimentary injection also called periodontal ligament injection.
Delivered directly into nerve chamber, root canal therapy, severe abscess, directly in to pulp canal? Intrapulpal injection.
Pain free injections? Computer-controlled local anesthesia delivery system.
Blocked nasal passage, first trimester of pregnancy, risk of bone marrow suppression, in-vitro fertilization procedures, neurological complaints? Contradictions of nitrous oxide.
Blue tank? Nitrous oxide.
Green tank? Oxygen.
Breathe oxygen for a minimum of five minutes or until signs of the nitrous oxide have dissipated? Recovery.
Symptoms due to an overdose of anesthetic solution? Toxic reaction.
Local anesthetics used for injections are available in what form? Liquid.
What is one of the most common vasoconstrictor ratios? 1: 100,000.
What is the sensation of feeling numb/ Can be a complication? Paresthesia.
Holds cartridge/ carpule? Barrel.
Rod with harpoon end of it? Piston rod.
Needle attaches to syringe? Threaded end.
Barbed tip of piston rod, can get dulled? Harpoon.
Uses long needle? Infraorbital.
Length of needle from barb to tip of bevel? Shank.
Adjust the gas flow through the unit? Flow meter.
Infiltration injection effects? Individual teeth.
Middle superior alveolar injection effects? Maxillary premolars in one quadrant.
Inferior alveolar nerve injection effects? A mandibular quadrant.
Mental nerve block injection effects? Mandibular premolars, canines.
Created by: zckmyrs85
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